The Volcanoes of
Lewis and Clark
October 1805 to June 1806
Resources Used
 
Home
The Volcanoes of Lewis and Clark

Map of the Journey
Volcanoes, Basalt Plateaus, Major Rivers, etc.

The Volcanoes
Mount Adams, Mount Hood, Mount Jefferson, Mount Rainier, and Mount St. Helens

CALENDAR of the Journey
October 1805 to June 1806

Along the Journey
Pacific Northwest Maps - Columbia River, Volcanoes, Flood Basalts, Missoula Floods, Geology, etc.

The Corps of Discovery
The Journey of Lewis and Clark

About the Reference Materials
The Journals, Biddle/Allen, DeVoto, Gass, Moulton, Topo Maps, and others

USGS Lewis and Clark Links
Links to USGS Websites highlighting the Lewis and Clark Journey

Resources
Publications Referenced and Websites Visited


The following is an alphabetical list of authors, editors, publications, and websites which were very helpful in putting together the background material for the "Volcanoes of Lewis and Clark". Their contributions were very appreciated.

-- Lyn Topinka, October 2005
Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, Washington



NOTE:
Website URLs listed below were last checked as good in 2007. Keep in mind they may have changed or currently they may no longer exist. This list will not be kept up-to-date with current URLs.
Lyn Topinka, February, 2009.
 
Resources Used

  • Allan, Paul (ed.), 1814, History of The Expedition Under the Command of Captain's Lewis and Clark, to the Sources of the Missouri, thence Across the Rocky Mountains, and down the River Columbia to the Pacific Ocean, Performed during the years 1805-5-6, By order of the Government of the United States. Prepared for the Press by Paul Allen, Esquire., Vol. II. Published by Bradford and Inskeep, Philadephia, and Abm. H. Inskeep, New York. J. Maxwell, Printer., 1814. From: Library of Congress/American Memories Website, collection from: The First American West: The Ohio River Valley 1750-1820, Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library, and The Filson Historical Society. (Referred to in these webpages as Biddle/Allen -- see information above)
    URL: http://memory.loc.gov/


  • Allen, J.E., 1975, Volcanoes of the Portland Area, Oregon: State of Oregon, Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, the ORE-BIN, v.37, no.9, September 1975.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Oregon/Publications/Allen1975/


  • Allen, J.E., 1985, Time Travel in Oregon, a scrapbook of geological articles published in 'The Oregonian' from November 3, 1983 to October 31, 1985.


  • Allen, J.E., 1987, Time Travel Two in Oregon, a scrapbook of geological articles published in 'The Oregonian' from November 7, 1985 to November 6, 1987.


  • Allen, J.E., 1990, IN: Wood and Kienle, 1990, Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada: Cambridge University Press, 354p.


  • Armentrout, J.M., McDougall, K., Jefferis, P.T., and Nesbitt, E., 1980, Geologic Field Trip Guide for the Cenozoic Stratigraphy and Late Eocene Paleoecology of Southwestern Washington: IN: Oles, K.F., Johnson, J.G., Niem, A.R., and Niem, W.A. (eds.), 1980, Geologic Field Trips in Western Oregon and Southwestern Washington: State of Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Bulletin 101.


  • Astoria and Warrenton Chamber of Commerce Website.
    URL: http://www.oldoregon.com/


  • Astoria, Oregon, Website.
    URL: http://www.astoria-usa.com/


  • Barnes, H.H., 1967, Roughness Characteristics of Natural Channels: USGS Water Supply Paper 1849, 213p.
    URL: http://water.usgs.gov/pubs/wsp/wsp_1849/


  • Bonneville Power Administration Website, "Environmental Fish and Wildlife".
    URL: http://www.efw.bpa.gov/


  • Brantley, S.R., 1994, Volcanoes of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey General Interest Publication.
    URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volcus/


  • Brigham Young University Archives Website, Harold B. Lee Library,
    URL: http://www.lib.byu.edu/


  • Cascade Locks, Oregon, Website.
    URL: http://www.cascadelocks.net/


  • Center for Columbia River History Website.
    URL: http://www.ccrh.org/


  • City of Longview, Washington, Website.
    URL: http://www.ci.longview.wa.us/


  • City of Portland Parks and Recreation Website.
    URL: http://www.portlandonline.com/parks/


  • City of Umatilla, Oregon, Website.
    URL: http://www.umatilla.org/


  • City of Vancouver, Washington, and Clark County Parks and Recreation Website.
    URL: http://www.ci.vancouver.wa.us/parks-recreation/


  • City of Washougal, Washington, Website.
    URL: http://washougal.biz/cow/


  • Clatsop County Historical Society Website.
    URL: http://www.cumtux.org/


  • "clickPomery.com" Website, Pomeroy, Washington, Tourism.
    URL: http://clickPomery.com/


  • Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority Website, Northwest Power Planning Council 2000, 2001, and 2002 Status Reports.
    URL: http://www.cbfwa.org/


  • Columbia Gorge Discovery Center Website
    URL: http://www.gorgediscovery.org/


  • "The Columbian" Website, Clark County History.
    URL: http://www.columbian.com/history/


  • Crandell, 1971, Postglacial Lahars From Mount Rainier Volcano, Washington: USGS Professional Paper 677.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Rainier/Publications/PP677/


  • Crandell, 1980, Recent Eruptive History of Mount Hood, Oregon, and Potential Hazards from Future Eruptions: USGS Bulletin 1492.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Hood/Publications/Bulletin1492/


  • Dayton, Washington, Visitor Center Website.
    URL: http://www.historicdayton.com/


  • Deja View Antique Maps and Prints Website, 2004, "Spring 2001 Catalog".


  • Digital Atlas of Idaho Website.
    URL: http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/


  • Experience Walla Walla Website, "Neighbors".
    URL: http://www.wallawalla.org/neighbors.cfm


  • Evarts, R.C., 2002, Geologic Map of the Deer Island quadrangle, Columbia County, Oregon and Cowlitz County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2392.
    URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2392/


  • Fort Walla Walla Museum Website.
    URL: http://www.fortwallawallamuseum.org/


  • Gannett, M.W., and Caldwell, R.R., 1999, Geologic Framework of the Willamette Lowland Aquifer System, Oregon and Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1424-A, 32p.
    URL: http://or.water.usgs.gov/pubs_dir/Abstracts/1424a.shtml


  • Gardner, C.A., Scott, W.E., Major, J.J., and Pierson, T.C., 2000, Mount Hood -- History and Hazards of Oregon's Most Recently Active Volcano: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 060-00.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Hood/Publications/FS060-00/


  • Givler, R.W., and Wells, R.E., 2001, Shaded-Relief and Color Shaded-Relief Maps of the Willamette Valley, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-294.
    URL: http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of01-294/


  • Hammond, P.E., 1989, Guide to Geology of the Cascade Range, Portland, Oregon, to Seattle, Washington, American Geophysical Union Field Trip Guidebook T306, Washington D.C., 215p.


  • Hinkle, S.R., 1996, Age of Ground Water in Basalt Aquifers near Spring Creek National Fish Hatchery, Skamania County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water Investigations Report 95-4272.
    URL: http://or.water.usgs.gov/pubs_dir/Abstracts/95-4272.shtml


  • Howard, K.A., 2002, Geologic Map of the Battle Ground 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Clark County, Washington: Pamphlet to accompany U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2395.
    URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/2002/2395/


  • Idaho Department of Commerce Website.
    URL: http://www.idoc.state.id.us/


  • Idaho State Parks and Recreation Website.
    URL: http://www.idahoparks.org/parks/


  • Kamiah, Idaho, Chamber of Commerce Website.
    URL: http://www.kamiahchamber.com/


  • Lewis and Clark Bicentennial Website.
    URL: http://www.lewisandclark200.org/


  • Lewis & Clark Bicentennial of Oregon Website.
    URL: http://or-lcthf.org/lcbo/index.shtml


  • Lewis & Clark College Website, Portland, Oregon, Archives, Special Collections.
    URL: http://www.lclark.edu/~archives/specialcollections/shortL&Chistory.shtml


  • Library of Congress Website, American Memories.
    URL: http://memory.loc.gov/


  • Library of Congress Website, End of the Oregon Trail.
    URL: http://www.loc.gov/bicentennial/propage/OR/or-5_h_hooley3.htm


  • Lyle, Washington, Community Website.
    URL: http://community.gorge.net/lyle/


  • Morace, J.L., Fuhrer, G.J., Rinella, J.F., McKenzie, S.W., and Others, 1998, Surface-Water-Quality Assessment of the Yakima River Basin in Washington: Overview of Major Findings, 1987-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4113.
    URL: http://or.water.usgs.gov/pubs_dir/Abstracts/98-4113.shtml


  • Moulton, G.E., (ed.), The Journals of the Lewis & Clark Expedition, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln and London, volumes 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 11.
    URL: http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/


  • NASA Website, Astronaut Photography of Earth.
    URL: http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/


  • NASA Website, Earth From Space.
    URL: http://earth.jsc.nasa.gov/sseop/efs/


  • NOAA Website, Historical Map & Chart Project.
    URL: http://historicalcharts.noaa.gov/historicals/historical_zoom.asp


  • NOAA Website, Office of Coast Survey.
    URL: http://nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/csdl/ctp/


  • Norman, D.K., and Roloff, J.M., 2004, A Self-Guided Tour of the Geology of the Columbia River Gorge -- Portland Airport to Skamania Lodge, Stevenson, Washington: Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth Resources, Open-File Report 2004-7, 13p.
    URL: http://www.dnr.wa.gov/ResearchScience/Pages/PubReports.aspx


  • O'Connor, J.E., and Costa, J.E., 2004, The World's Largest Floods, Past and Present: Their Causes and Magnitudes: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1254
    URL: http://water.usgs.gov/pubs/circ/2004/circ1254/


  • Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Website.
    URL: http://www.dfw.state.or.us/


  • Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Website.
    URL: http://www.oregongeology.com


  • Oregon Department of Transportation Website.
    URL: http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/


  • Oregon Historical Society Website.
    URL: http://www.ohs.org


  • Oregon State Archives Website.
    URL: http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/


  • Oregon State Parks and Recreation Website.
    URL: http://www.oregon.gov/OPRD/PARKS/index.shtml


  • Pacific County Friends of Lewis and Clark Website.
    URL: http://www.lewisandclarkwa.com/


  • Pearson Airpark Museum Website.
    URL: http://www.pearsonairmuseum.org/


  • Port of Portland Website, Government Island Management Plan, March 7, 2002.


  • Radbruch-Hall, D.H., Colton, R.B., Davies, W.E., Lucchitta, I., Skipp, B.A., and Varness, D.J., 1982, Landslide Overview Map of the Conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1183.
    URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1183/


  • Salem History Website, Salem Public Library, Oregon.
    URL: http://photos.salemhistory.org/


  • Scott, W.E., Pierson, T.C., Schilling, S.P., Costa, J.E., Gardner, C.A., Vallance, J.W., and Major, J.J., 1997, Volcano Hazards in the Mount Hood Region, Oregon: USGS Open-File Report 97-89.
    URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0089/


  • Scott, W.E., Gardner, C.A., Sherrod, D.R., Tilling, R.I., Lanphere, M.A., and Conrey, R.M., 1997, Geologic History of Mount Hood Volcano, Oregon -- A Field-Trip Guidebook: USGS Open-File Report 97-263.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Hood/Publications/OFR97-263/


  • Sisson, T.W., 1995, History and Hazards of Mount Rainier, Washington: USGS Open-File Report 95-642.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Rainier/Publications/OFR95-642/


  • Skamania County Chamber of Commerce Website.
    URL: http://www.skamania.org/


  • St. Helens, Scappoose, and Columbia County Oregon, Chamber of Commerce Website.
    URL: http://www.sthelenschamber.org/


  • Swanson, D.A., Cameron, K.A., Evarts, R.C., Pringle, P.T., and Vance, J.A., 1989, IGC Field Trip T106: Cenozoic Volcanism in the Cascade Range and Columbia Plateau, Southern Washington and Northernmost Oregon: American Geophysical Union Field Trip Guidebook T106, p.21-24.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/PacificNW/AGU-T106/


  • Swanson, D.A., and Wright, T.L., 1981, Guide to geologic field trip between Lewiston, Idaho, and Kimberly, Oregon, emphasizing the Columbia River Basalt Group: IN: Johnston, D.A., and Donnelly-Nolan, J., (eds.), 1981, Guides to some Volcanic Terranes in Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and Northern California: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 838, 189p.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/WesternUSA/Circular838/


  • Thwaites, LL.D., R.G., (ed.), 1905, Original Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition: Reprinted - Arno Press, New York, 1969, v.3 and v.4,


  • Tilling, R.I., Topinka, L., and Swanson, D.A., 1990, The Eruptions of Mount St. Helens: Past, Present, and Future: U.S. Geological Survey General Interest Publication.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/MSH/Publications/MSHPPF/


  • Topinka, Lyn, "The Columbia River - A Photographic Journey".
    URL: http://columbiariverimages.com/


  • Tri-Cities Visitor and Convention Bureau Website.
    URL: http://www.visittri-cities.com/


  • University of Illinois at Urbana-Champlain Website.
    URL: http://images.library.uiuc.edu/projects/maps/


  • University of Utah, J.Willard Marriott Library Digitized Collections Website.
    URL: http://www.lib.utah.edu/digital/


  • University of Virginia Library Special Collections Website.
    URL: http://www.lib.virginia.edu/small/


  • University of Washington Library Digital Collection Website.
    URL: http://content.lib.washington.edu/


  • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Website.
    URL: http://www.usace.army.mil/


  • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Website, Portland District.
    URL: http://www.nwp.usace.army.mil/


  • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Website, Walla Walla District.
    URL: http://www.nww.usace.army.mil/


  • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District, and the U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, The Geologic History of the Columbia River Gorge: Information Brochure.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Washington/ColumbiaRiver/geo_history_gorge.shtml


  • U.S. Bureau of Land Management Website.
    URL: http://www.blm.gov/


  • U.S. Forest Service Website, Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area.
    URL: http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/columbia/forest/


  • U.S. Forest Service Website, Deschutes and Ochoco National Forests.
    URL: http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/centraloregon/


  • U.S. Forest Service Website, Gifford Pinchot National Forest.
    URL: http://www.fs.fed.us/gpnf/


  • U.S. Forest Service Website, Pacific Northwest Region.
    URL: http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/


  • U.S. Geological Survey, Cascades Volcano Observatory Website.
    URL: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/


  • U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon Water Resources Division Website, Water Quality in the Yakima River Basin.
    URL: http://or.water.usgs.gov/


  • U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Water Resources Division Website, Water Resources Data for Washington.
    URL: http://wa.water.usgs.gov/


  • U.S. Geological Survey - U.S. National Park Service Website, Geology in the Parks.
    URL: http://www2.nature.nps.gov/geology/usgsnps/project/home.shtml


  • U.S. National Park Service Website, Fort Clatsop National Memorial.
    URL: http://www.nps.gov/lewi/


  • U.S. National Park Service Website, Fort Vancouver National Historic Site.
    URL: http://www.nps.gov/fova/


  • U.S. National Park Service, Ice Age Floods Website.
    URL: http://www.nps.gov/iceagefloods/


  • U.S. National Park Service Website, Jefferson National Expansion Memorial.
    URL: http://www.nps.gov/jeff/


  • U.S. National Park Service Website, Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area.
    URL: http://www.nps.gov/laro/


  • U.S. National Park Service, National Natural Landmarks Program Website.
    URL: http://www.nature.nps.gov/nnl/


  • U.S. National Park Service Website, Wild and Scenic Rivers.
    URL: http://www.rivers.gov/


  • Walder, J.S., Gardner, C.A., Conrey, R.M., Fisher, B.J., and Schilling, S.P., 1999, Volcano Hazards in the Mount Jefferson Region, Oregon: USGS Open-File Report 99-24.
    URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0024/


  • Walla Walla Valley Chamber of Commerce Website.
    URL: http://www.wwvchamber.com/


  • Washington State Chapter Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation Website.
    URL: http://wa-lcthf.org/


  • Washington State Department of Ecology Website.
    URL: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/


  • Washington State Department of Transportation Website.
    URL: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/


  • Washington State Historical Society Website.
    URL: http://www.wshs.org/


  • Washington State Parks and Recreation Website.
    URL: http://www.parks.wa.gov/


  • Washington State Tourism Website, Office of Trade and Economic Development.
    URL: http://www.experiencewashington.com/


  • Washington State University Libraries Archives Website, "Early Washington Maps: A Digital Collection".
    URL: http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu/holland/masc/xmaps.shtml


  • Wood and Kienle, (eds.), 1990, Volcanoes of North America - United States and Canada: Cambridge University Press.



 
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If you have questions or comments please contact: GS-CVO-WEB@usgs.gov
June/July 2004, Lyn Topinka
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