Hazard Notification System (HANS) for Volcanoes

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USGS Volcano Notice - DOI-USGS-HVO-2022-09-21T20:43:03-07:00

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HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY DAILY UPDATE
U.S. Geological Survey
Wednesday, September 21, 2022, 5:47 PM HST (Thursday, September 22, 2022, 03:47 UTC)


TA'U ISLAND (VNUM #244001)
14°13'48" S 169°27'14" W, Summit Elevation 3054 ft (931 m)
Current Volcano Alert Level: ADVISORY
Current Aviation Color Code: YELLOW

The earthquake swarm related to Taʻū Island has continued at decreased rates over the past two weeks. The position of the earthquake source has not changed. Beginning tomorrow, Thursday, September 22, the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory will issue weekly updates for Taʻū Island instead of daily updates. Additional messages will be issued if needed. 

No felt earthquakes were reported over the past 24 hours. The satellite data from the previous 24 hours observed no volcanic activity. 

The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) will soon start publishing preliminary locations of the largest earthquakes that have occurred during this period of seismic unrest in American Samoa. These locations will appear as dots on a map available at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/map/ and people can report how they feel these events at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/data/dyfi/.  However, in the Manuʻa Islands the earthquake locations and depths are currently best-estimates, with large uncertainties resulting from the monitoring network being constrained to the east-west orientation of the islands in American Samoa. Thus, a dot should be viewed as an indication that an earthquake occurred, but it does not provide a precise location. The NEIC will be using standard methods for locating earthquakes and those with poor depth control are given a default depth of 6 miles (10 kilometers). Analysis of the earthquakes in the swarm so far suggests that they occur north of Taʻū Island and the source of the earthquakes has not moved over time. However, due to processing challenges, some preliminary earthquake locations may appear south of Taʻū Island on the NEIC map. The locations of the earthquakes on the NEIC map will change with further refined analyses of the events.  

Samoan and English language alert level and color code definitions: (PDF download, 57.68 kb) https://www.usgs.gov/media/files/volcano-aviation-codes-and-alert-levels-english-and-samoan



FAQ Web Resource

Read our Frequently Asked Questions web page for more information. https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/frequently-asked-questions-about-earthquakes-american-samoa

Possible Hazards

It is unclear if this earthquake unrest will escalate to a volcanic eruption and exactly where an eruption might occur. An eruption could pose significant hazards to residents of American Samoa; these hazards include volcanic gases, volcanic ash, low-level localized explosions of lava, lava flows, earthquake shaking, and tsunami. Information about these hazards, which are like those in Hawaii, can be found at this HVO website: https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/hazards. 

The primary hazard of concern at this time is earthquake shaking, although no physically damaging earthquakes have occurred as part of this swarm. For information on how to prepare for an earthquake, see: https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-can-i-do-be-prepared-earthquake. 

If you feel shaking and are not near the coast, immediately drop, cover, and hold on until the shaking stops. If you are at the coast, heed the natural tsunami warning signs. If you feel a strong or long-duration earthquake, see a sudden rise or fall of the ocean, hear a loud roar from the ocean, or see a large aerial plume from an eruption, a tsunami may follow, and you should immediately move to higher ground.  Pacific Tsunami Warning Center: https://tsunami.gov/

Volcano Monitoring

Volcanoes in the Manuʻa Islands are monitored with a limited real-time seismic network consisting of four sophisticated seismometers (broadband seismometers)—two on Taʻū Island, one on Ofu Island, and one on Tutuila Island—and eight microseismometers on Tutuila, Taʻū, and Olosega Islands. Two GPS stations provide ground deformation information for Taʻū Island. Satellite remote sensing is another tool being used, which may detect heat, volcanic gas, and volcanic ash associated with early phases of volcanic activity.  

Report what you feel and see.

Residents can assist these monitoring efforts by noting and reporting accurate times that they feel earthquake shaking or notice other changes that might be related to volcanic activity to either the Pago Pago National Weather Service Office (https://www.weather.gov/ppg/wsopagooffice) or the American Samoa EOC in Pago Pago (684-699-3800).  

American Samoa Volcanoes

Volcanoes in the U.S. Territory of American Samoa are within the area of responsibility of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, based in Hilo on the Island of Hawai‘i.

NOAA Weather and Tsunami resources



The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory is one of five volcano observatories within the U.S. Geological Survey and is responsible for monitoring volcanoes and earthquakes in Hawaiʻi and American Samoa.



CONTACT INFORMATION:

HVO, askHVO@usgs.gov—best contact for regular reporting and questions. 
Ken Hon, HVO Scientist in Charge, USGS khon@usgs.gov
Natalia Deligne, American Samoa Lead Responding Scientist, USGS ndeligne@usgs.gov 



Subscribe to these messages: https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/vns2/
Summary of volcanic hazards from eruptions: https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/hazards
Recent earthquakes in Hawaiʻi (map and list): https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo
Volcanoes of American Samoa: https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/volcanoes-american-samoa
Explanation of Volcano Alert Levels and Aviation Color Codes: https://www.usgs.gov/programs/VHP/volcanic-alert-levels-characterize-conditions-us-volcanoes