[{"noticeTitle":"ALASKA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY DAILY UPDATE","noticeHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EALASKA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY DAILY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EWednesday, December 24, 2025, 10:14 AM AKST (Wednesday, December 24, 2025, 19:14 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EGREAT SITKIN\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #311120)\u003Cbr\/\u003E52\u00b04'35\u0022 N 176\u00b06'39\u0022 W, Summit Elevation 5709 ft (1740 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: WATCH\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: ORANGE\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELava continues to erupt slowly within the summit crater of Great Sitkin Volcano.  Nothing unusual was observed in cloudy satellite and webcam views. Seismicity was mostly quiet over the past day. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe current lava eruption began in July 2021 and since then has filled most of the summit crater and advanced into valleys below. There have been no explosions at Great Sitkin Volcano since an event in May 2021. The volcano is monitored using local seismic and infrasound sensors, satellite data and web cameras, and regional infrasound and lightning networks.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETo view monitoring data and other information about Great Sitkin: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/volcano\/great-sitkin\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/volcano\/great-sitkin\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cb\u003ESHISHALDIN\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #311360)\u003Cbr\/\u003E54\u00b045'19\u0022 N 163\u00b058'16\u0022 W, Summit Elevation 9373 ft (2857 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: ADVISORY\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: YELLOW\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EShishaldin Volcano continues to experience unrest with occasional small earthquakes detected throughout the day yesterday. Nothing unusual was observed cloudy satellite views. Weak steaming from the summit was observed in occasionally clear webcam views.  \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELocal seismic and infrasound sensors, web cameras, and a geodetic network are used to monitor Shishaldin Volcano. In addition to the local monitoring network, AVO uses nearby geophysical networks, regional infrasound and lighting data, and satellite images to detect eruptions. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETo view monitoring data and other information about Shishaldin: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/volcano\/shishaldin\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/volcano\/shishaldin\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003EMatt Haney, Scientist-in-Charge, USGS mhaney@usgs.gov (907) 786-7497\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EJessica Larsen, Acting Coordinating Scientist, UAF \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jflarsen@alaska.edu\u0022\u003Ejflarsen@alaska.edu\u003C\/a\u003E (907) 378-5460\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EContact AVO: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/contact\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/contact\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe Alaska Volcano Observatory is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys.\u003C\/p\u003E","sentUtc":"2025-12-24","obs":"avo","noticeId":"DOI-USGS-AVO-2025-12-24T19:10:43+00:00","noticeUrl":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/hans2\/view\/notice\/DOI-USGS-AVO-2025-12-24T19:10:43+00:00","noticeData":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/api\/hansApi\/notice\/DOI-USGS-AVO-2025-12-24T19:10:43+00:00","obsAlertLevel":"WATCH","obsColorCode":"ORANGE","noticeHighestAlertLevel":"WATCH","noticeHighestColorCode":"ORANGE","noticeSections":[{"sectionHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EALASKA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY DAILY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EWednesday, December 24, 2025, 10:14 AM AKST (Wednesday, December 24, 2025, 19:14 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EGREAT SITKIN\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #311120)\u003Cbr\/\u003E52\u00b04'35\u0022 N 176\u00b06'39\u0022 W, Summit Elevation 5709 ft (1740 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: WATCH\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: ORANGE\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELava continues to erupt slowly within the summit crater of Great Sitkin Volcano.  Nothing unusual was observed in cloudy satellite and webcam views. Seismicity was mostly quiet over the past day. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe current lava eruption began in July 2021 and since then has filled most of the summit crater and advanced into valleys below. There have been no explosions at Great Sitkin Volcano since an event in May 2021. The volcano is monitored using local seismic and infrasound sensors, satellite data and web cameras, and regional infrasound and lightning networks.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETo view monitoring data and other information about Great Sitkin: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/volcano\/great-sitkin\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/volcano\/great-sitkin\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cb\u003EThis notice contains volcanoes not displayed here:\u003C\/b\u003E Shishaldin (ADVISORY\/YELLOW).\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003EMatt Haney, Scientist-in-Charge, USGS mhaney@usgs.gov (907) 786-7497\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EJessica Larsen, Acting Coordinating Scientist, UAF \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jflarsen@alaska.edu\u0022\u003Ejflarsen@alaska.edu\u003C\/a\u003E (907) 378-5460\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EContact AVO: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/contact\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/contact\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe Alaska Volcano Observatory is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":"\u003Cp\u003ELava continues to erupt slowly within the summit crater of Great Sitkin Volcano.  Nothing unusual was observed in cloudy satellite and webcam views. Seismicity was mostly quiet over the past day. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe current lava eruption began in July 2021 and since then has filled most of the summit crater and advanced into valleys below. There have been no explosions at Great Sitkin Volcano since an event in May 2021. The volcano is monitored using local seismic and infrasound sensors, satellite data and web cameras, and regional infrasound and lightning networks.\u003C\/p\u003E","synopsis":"AVO Great Sitkin ORANGE\/WATCH - Slow eruption of lava within the summit crater continues.","alertLevel":"WATCH","colorCode":"ORANGE","vName":"Great Sitkin","vnum":"311120","lat":52.0765,"lng":-176.1109,"vUrl":"https:\/\/www.avo.alaska.edu\/activity\/GreatSitkin.php","vImage":"https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/images\/dbimages\/display\/1102983616_16_3.jpg","region":"Aleutians","sectionId":"DOI-USGS-AVO-2025-12-24T19:10:54+00:00"},{"sectionHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EALASKA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY DAILY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EWednesday, December 24, 2025, 10:14 AM AKST (Wednesday, December 24, 2025, 19:14 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003ESHISHALDIN\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #311360)\u003Cbr\/\u003E54\u00b045'19\u0022 N 163\u00b058'16\u0022 W, Summit Elevation 9373 ft (2857 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: ADVISORY\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: YELLOW\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EShishaldin Volcano continues to experience unrest with occasional small earthquakes detected throughout the day yesterday. Nothing unusual was observed cloudy satellite views. Weak steaming from the summit was observed in occasionally clear webcam views.  \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELocal seismic and infrasound sensors, web cameras, and a geodetic network are used to monitor Shishaldin Volcano. In addition to the local monitoring network, AVO uses nearby geophysical networks, regional infrasound and lighting data, and satellite images to detect eruptions. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003ETo view monitoring data and other information about Shishaldin: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/volcano\/shishaldin\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/volcano\/shishaldin\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cb\u003EThis notice contains volcanoes not displayed here:\u003C\/b\u003E Great Sitkin (WATCH\/ORANGE).\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003EMatt Haney, Scientist-in-Charge, USGS mhaney@usgs.gov (907) 786-7497\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EJessica Larsen, Acting Coordinating Scientist, UAF \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jflarsen@alaska.edu\u0022\u003Ejflarsen@alaska.edu\u003C\/a\u003E (907) 378-5460\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EContact AVO: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/contact\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/contact\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe Alaska Volcano Observatory is a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":"\u003Cp\u003EShishaldin Volcano continues to experience unrest with occasional small earthquakes detected throughout the day yesterday. Nothing unusual was observed cloudy satellite views. Weak steaming from the summit was observed in occasionally clear webcam views.  \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELocal seismic and infrasound sensors, web cameras, and a geodetic network are used to monitor Shishaldin Volcano. In addition to the local monitoring network, AVO uses nearby geophysical networks, regional infrasound and lighting data, and satellite images to detect eruptions. \u003C\/p\u003E","synopsis":"AVO Shishaldin YELLOW\/ADVISORY - Low-level unrest continues.","alertLevel":"ADVISORY","colorCode":"YELLOW","vName":"Shishaldin","vnum":"311360","lat":54.7554,"lng":-163.9711,"vUrl":"https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/activity\/Shishaldin.php","vImage":"https:\/\/avo.alaska.edu\/images\/dbimages\/display\/1108075524_30_3.jpg","region":"Aleutians","sectionId":"DOI-USGS-AVO-2025-12-24T19:11:06+00:00"}]},{"noticeTitle":"CALIFORNIA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY WEEKLY UPDATE","noticeHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003ECALIFORNIA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY WEEKLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003ETuesday, December 23, 2025, 11:12 AM PST (Tuesday, December 23, 2025, 19:12 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitored CALIFORNIA VOLCANOES\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: all NORMAL\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: all GREEN\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Update: \u003C\/strong\u003EAll volcanoes monitored by CalVO show normal background earthquake activity and deformation. Monitored volcanoes include Mount Shasta, Medicine Lake Volcano, Lassen Volcanic Center, Clear Lake Volcanic Field, Long Valley Volcanic Region, Coso Volcanic Field, Ubehebe Craters, and Salton Buttes.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPast Week Observations for December 15 (0000h PST) to December 21 (2359h PST):\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ETypical seismicity was recorded at The Geysers geothermal field south of the Clear Lake Volcanic Field; 122 earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded, with the largest having a magnitude of M2.9.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EFive earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded in the Sierra Nevada Block, south of Mammoth Mountain and Long Valley, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.9.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ETwo earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded in the Coso Volcanic Field, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.2.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESix earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded near the Salton Buttes, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.9.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003ECalVO's Weekly Update only highlights volcanoes which have experienced seismic activity or volcanic unrest. If there are no comments for a volcano, CalVO has detected no earthquakes with magnitudes greater than or equal to M1.0, or any other kind of unrest. Only earthquakes with magnitudes greater than M1.0 are reported here.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThese earthquake counts are preliminary and subject to change as the earthquakes are reviewed by seismologists. The U.S. Geological Survey will continue to monitor these volcanoes closely and will issue additional updates and changes in alert level as warranted. For a definition of alert levels see \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/alert-level-icons\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/alert-level-icons\u003C\/a\u003E. \u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EAs part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program, the California Volcano Observatory monitors the volcanoes of California and Nevada and advances scientific understanding of volcanic processes in order to reduce the harmful impacts of volcanic activity. For additional USGS CalVO volcano information, background, images, and other graphics visit \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/calvo\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/calvo\u003C\/a\u003E. For general information on the USGS Volcano Hazard Program visit \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/natural-hazards\/volcano-hazards\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/natural-hazards\/volcano-hazards\/\u003C\/a\u003E. Statewide seismic information for California and Nevada can be found at \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/map\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/map\/\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:askCalVO@usgs.gov\u0022\u003EaskCalVO@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","sentUtc":"2025-12-23","obs":"calvo","noticeId":"DOI-USGS-CALVO-2025-12-23T18:39:39+00:00","noticeUrl":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/hans2\/view\/notice\/DOI-USGS-CALVO-2025-12-23T18:39:39+00:00","noticeData":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/api\/hansApi\/notice\/DOI-USGS-CALVO-2025-12-23T18:39:39+00:00","obsAlertLevel":"NORMAL","obsColorCode":"GREEN","noticeHighestAlertLevel":"UNASSIGNED","noticeHighestColorCode":"UNASSIGNED","noticeSections":[{"sectionHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003ECALIFORNIA VOLCANO OBSERVATORY WEEKLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003ETuesday, December 23, 2025, 11:12 AM PST (Tuesday, December 23, 2025, 19:12 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitored CALIFORNIA VOLCANOES\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: all NORMAL\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: all GREEN\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Update: \u003C\/strong\u003EAll volcanoes monitored by CalVO show normal background earthquake activity and deformation. Monitored volcanoes include Mount Shasta, Medicine Lake Volcano, Lassen Volcanic Center, Clear Lake Volcanic Field, Long Valley Volcanic Region, Coso Volcanic Field, Ubehebe Craters, and Salton Buttes.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPast Week Observations for December 15 (0000h PST) to December 21 (2359h PST):\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ETypical seismicity was recorded at The Geysers geothermal field south of the Clear Lake Volcanic Field; 122 earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded, with the largest having a magnitude of M2.9.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EFive earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded in the Sierra Nevada Block, south of Mammoth Mountain and Long Valley, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.9.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ETwo earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded in the Coso Volcanic Field, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.2.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESix earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded near the Salton Buttes, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.9.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003ECalVO's Weekly Update only highlights volcanoes which have experienced seismic activity or volcanic unrest. If there are no comments for a volcano, CalVO has detected no earthquakes with magnitudes greater than or equal to M1.0, or any other kind of unrest. Only earthquakes with magnitudes greater than M1.0 are reported here.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThese earthquake counts are preliminary and subject to change as the earthquakes are reviewed by seismologists. The U.S. Geological Survey will continue to monitor these volcanoes closely and will issue additional updates and changes in alert level as warranted. For a definition of alert levels see \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/alert-level-icons\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/alert-level-icons\u003C\/a\u003E. \u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EAs part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program, the California Volcano Observatory monitors the volcanoes of California and Nevada and advances scientific understanding of volcanic processes in order to reduce the harmful impacts of volcanic activity. For additional USGS CalVO volcano information, background, images, and other graphics visit \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/calvo\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/calvo\u003C\/a\u003E. For general information on the USGS Volcano Hazard Program visit \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/natural-hazards\/volcano-hazards\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/natural-hazards\/volcano-hazards\/\u003C\/a\u003E. Statewide seismic information for California and Nevada can be found at \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/map\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/earthquake.usgs.gov\/earthquakes\/map\/\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:askCalVO@usgs.gov\u0022\u003EaskCalVO@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitored CALIFORNIA VOLCANOES\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: all NORMAL\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: all GREEN\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Update: \u003C\/strong\u003EAll volcanoes monitored by CalVO show normal background earthquake activity and deformation. Monitored volcanoes include Mount Shasta, Medicine Lake Volcano, Lassen Volcanic Center, Clear Lake Volcanic Field, Long Valley Volcanic Region, Coso Volcanic Field, Ubehebe Craters, and Salton Buttes.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPast Week Observations for December 15 (0000h PST) to December 21 (2359h PST):\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ETypical seismicity was recorded at The Geysers geothermal field south of the Clear Lake Volcanic Field; 122 earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded, with the largest having a magnitude of M2.9.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EFive earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded in the Sierra Nevada Block, south of Mammoth Mountain and Long Valley, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.9.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ETwo earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded in the Coso Volcanic Field, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.2.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESix earthquakes greater than M1 were recorded near the Salton Buttes, with the largest having a magnitude of M1.9.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E","synopsis":"CALVO - CA volcanoes were at normal background levels of seismicity and deformation during the past week.","alertLevel":"UNASSIGNED","colorCode":"UNASSIGNED","vName":null,"vnum":null,"lat":null,"lng":null,"vUrl":null,"vImage":null,"region":null,"sectionId":"DOI-USGS-CALVO-2025-12-23T18:39:39+00:00"}]},{"noticeTitle":"CASCADES VOLCANO OBSERVATORY WEEKLY UPDATE","noticeHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003ECASCADES VOLCANO OBSERVATORY WEEKLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EFriday, December 19, 2025, 11:29 AM PST (Friday, December 19, 2025, 19:29 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003ECASCADE RANGE\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: NORMAL\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: GREEN\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Update\u003C\/strong\u003E: All volcanoes in the Cascade Range of Oregon and Washington are at normal background activity levels. These include Mount Baker, Glacier Peak, Mount Rainier, Mount St. Helens, and Mount Adams in Washington State and Mount Hood, Mount Jefferson, Three Sisters, Newberry, and Crater Lake in Oregon.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPast Week Observations\u003C\/strong\u003E: During the past week, small earthquakes were detected at Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier. All monitoring data are consistent with background levels of activity in the Cascade Range. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/cvo\u0022\u003EU.S. Geological Survey Cascades Volcano Observatory\u003C\/a\u003E and the \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpnsn.org%2F&data=05%7C01%7Cnandersen%40usgs.gov%7Cf8f6724b62494972125f08dbcc3619f7%7C0693b5ba4b184d7b9341f32f400a5494%7C0%7C0%7C638328304958913681%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=dQF%2BD4G6Zl7FM9dX1BtqhZvCY6Q1VE8zyv4vNTchM9U%3D&reserved=0\u0022\u003EUniversity of Washington Pacific Northwest Seismic Network\u003C\/a\u003E continue to monitor Washington and Oregon volcanoes closely and will issue additional notifications as warranted.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWebsite Resources\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor images, graphics, and general information on Cascade Range volcanoes: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/cvo\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/cvo\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EFor seismic information on Oregon and Washington volcanoes: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnsn.org%2Fvolcanoes&data=05%7C01%7Cnandersen%40usgs.gov%7Cf8f6724b62494972125f08dbcc3619f7%7C0693b5ba4b184d7b9341f32f400a5494%7C0%7C0%7C638328304958913681%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=dpNU8dFaAYcU0vPQ97jACrgAPw2JLIFG1NjlGPtTvvY%3D&reserved=0\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.pnsn.org\/volcanoes\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EFor information on USGS volcano alert levels and notifications: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcano-notifications-deliver-situational-information\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcano-notifications-deliver-situational-information\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003EJon Major, Scientist-in-Charge, Cascades Volcano Observatory, \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jjmajor@usgs.gov\u0022\u003Ejjmajor@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EGeneral inquiries: \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:askCVO@usgs.gov\u0022\u003EaskCVO@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMedia inquiries: \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:volcanomedia@usgs.gov\u0022\u003Evolcanomedia@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","sentUtc":"2025-12-19","obs":"cvo","noticeId":"DOI-USGS-CVO-2025-12-19T19:28:20+00:00","noticeUrl":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/hans2\/view\/notice\/DOI-USGS-CVO-2025-12-19T19:28:20+00:00","noticeData":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/api\/hansApi\/notice\/DOI-USGS-CVO-2025-12-19T19:28:20+00:00","obsAlertLevel":"NORMAL","obsColorCode":"GREEN","noticeHighestAlertLevel":"NORMAL","noticeHighestColorCode":"GREEN","noticeSections":[{"sectionHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003ECASCADES VOLCANO OBSERVATORY WEEKLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EFriday, December 19, 2025, 11:29 AM PST (Friday, December 19, 2025, 19:29 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003ECASCADE RANGE\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: NORMAL\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: GREEN\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Update\u003C\/strong\u003E: All volcanoes in the Cascade Range of Oregon and Washington are at normal background activity levels. These include Mount Baker, Glacier Peak, Mount Rainier, Mount St. Helens, and Mount Adams in Washington State and Mount Hood, Mount Jefferson, Three Sisters, Newberry, and Crater Lake in Oregon.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPast Week Observations\u003C\/strong\u003E: During the past week, small earthquakes were detected at Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier. All monitoring data are consistent with background levels of activity in the Cascade Range. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/cvo\u0022\u003EU.S. Geological Survey Cascades Volcano Observatory\u003C\/a\u003E and the \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpnsn.org%2F&data=05%7C01%7Cnandersen%40usgs.gov%7Cf8f6724b62494972125f08dbcc3619f7%7C0693b5ba4b184d7b9341f32f400a5494%7C0%7C0%7C638328304958913681%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=dQF%2BD4G6Zl7FM9dX1BtqhZvCY6Q1VE8zyv4vNTchM9U%3D&reserved=0\u0022\u003EUniversity of Washington Pacific Northwest Seismic Network\u003C\/a\u003E continue to monitor Washington and Oregon volcanoes closely and will issue additional notifications as warranted.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWebsite Resources\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor images, graphics, and general information on Cascade Range volcanoes: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/cvo\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/cvo\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EFor seismic information on Oregon and Washington volcanoes: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnsn.org%2Fvolcanoes&data=05%7C01%7Cnandersen%40usgs.gov%7Cf8f6724b62494972125f08dbcc3619f7%7C0693b5ba4b184d7b9341f32f400a5494%7C0%7C0%7C638328304958913681%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&sdata=dpNU8dFaAYcU0vPQ97jACrgAPw2JLIFG1NjlGPtTvvY%3D&reserved=0\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.pnsn.org\/volcanoes\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EFor information on USGS volcano alert levels and notifications: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcano-notifications-deliver-situational-information\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcano-notifications-deliver-situational-information\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003EJon Major, Scientist-in-Charge, Cascades Volcano Observatory, \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jjmajor@usgs.gov\u0022\u003Ejjmajor@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EGeneral inquiries: \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:askCVO@usgs.gov\u0022\u003EaskCVO@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMedia inquiries: \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:volcanomedia@usgs.gov\u0022\u003Evolcanomedia@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Update\u003C\/strong\u003E: All volcanoes in the Cascade Range of Oregon and Washington are at normal background activity levels. These include Mount Baker, Glacier Peak, Mount Rainier, Mount St. Helens, and Mount Adams in Washington State and Mount Hood, Mount Jefferson, Three Sisters, Newberry, and Crater Lake in Oregon.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPast Week Observations\u003C\/strong\u003E: During the past week, small earthquakes were detected at Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier. All monitoring data are consistent with background levels of activity in the Cascade Range. \u003C\/p\u003E","synopsis":"CVO Cascade Range GREEN\/NORMAL - All volcanoes are at normal levels.","alertLevel":"NORMAL","colorCode":"GREEN","vName":"Cascade Range","vnum":null,"lat":45.61,"lng":-122.5,"vUrl":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/observatories\/cvo","vImage":null,"region":"Cascade Range","sectionId":"DOI-USGS-CVO-2025-12-19T19:28:20+00:00"}]},{"noticeTitle":"HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY DAILY UPDATE","noticeHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EHAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY DAILY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EWednesday, December 24, 2025, 9:25 AM HST (Wednesday, December 24, 2025, 19:25 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EKILAUEA\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #332010)\u003Cbr\/\u003E19\u00b025'16\u0022 N 155\u00b017'13\u0022 W, Summit Elevation 4091 ft (1247 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: WATCH\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: ORANGE\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Summary:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEpisode 39 fountaining began yesterday at 8:20 p.m. HST, December 23, almost 1 year to the day on the anniversary of the ongoing episodic eruption that began at 2:20 a.m. HST on December 23, 2024. Fountains continued for just under 6 hours ending at 2:13 a.m. this morning (December 24) and reached a maximum height of about 1400 feet (425 meters). The onset of the next fountain episode is about 2 weeks away. No significant activity has been noted along K\u012blauea\u2019s East Rift Zone or Southwest Rift Zone.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummit Observations:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EK\u012blauea is no longer erupting (see the section \u003Cstrong\u003E\u0022Recap of the last episode\u0022\u003C\/strong\u003E for details about the episode 39 eruption). Just before dawn this morning incandescence was present across Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater. Flows on the eastern crater floor continued to move fed by lava draining from higher elevations around the vents. Incandescent spots and movement of flows are expected to continue for the next several days, especially in the area around the vents. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESince the end of episode 39, K\u012blauea has inflated 1.75 microradians as recorded on the UWD tiltmeter this morning.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EVolcanic gas emission rates have dropped significantly since the end of episode 39 but probably remain in the range of 1,000 to 5,000 tonnes of SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E per day typically observed during previous eruptive pauses. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERift Zone Observations:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ERates of seismicity and ground deformation remain very low in the East Rift Zone and Southwest Rift Zone. SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E emissions from the East Rift Zone remain below the detection limit. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAnalysis:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe rapid rebound of inflationary tilt and presence of low level volcanic tremor indicate another fountain episode is likely to occur. There is insufficient data for modeling, but the next episode is likely about 2 weeks away.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EK\u012blauea has been erupting episodically since December 23, 2024, primarily from two vents (north and south) in Halema\u2018uma\u2018u. Eruptive episodes, which can last up to 12 hours, are separated by pauses that can be as long as over two weeks.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHVO continues to closely monitor K\u012blauea and is in contact with Hawai\u2018i Volcanoes National Park and the Hawai\u2018i County Civil Defense Agency about eruptive hazards.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPlease see the Hawai\u02bbi Volcanoes National Park website for visitor information: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/havo\/index.htm\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.nps.gov\/havo\/index.htm\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERecap of last episode:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEpisode 39 fountaining from the south vent stopped at approximately 2:13 a.m. HST on December 24 after 5.9 hours of sustained fountaining. The two vents within the north cone both stopped slightly earlier at 2:00 a.m. HST. Sustained fountaining began at 8:20 p.m. HST from the north and south vents after just under 2 hours of precursory overflows. Fountains rapidly grew to several hundred feet high and by 9:30 p.m. HST had reach maximum estimated heights of 1400 feet (425 meters) for the south fountain and 900 feet for the north fountain. The main fountain from the north cone came from the \u0022right hand\u0022 vent (as viewed from V1cam, which is pointed south), but a much smaller fountain, 100-200 feet (30-60 meters) high, began at about 8:45 p.m. HST and lasted until the north vent stopped fountaining. This \u0022triple\u0022 fountain lasted through most of the eruption with the south fountains highest followed by the \u0022right hand\u0022 north vent (about 2\/3 the height of the south fountains) and the much smaller \u0022left hand\u0022 north vent fountains (about 10-20% of the south vent fountain height).  The highest peak or instantaneous effusion rate of 960 cubic yards per second (800 cubic meters per second) occurred about 9 p.m. HST just before the south and north vents reached their maximum heights. Episode 39 ended with an average effusion rate of 250 cubic yards per second (190 cubic meters per second). An estimated 12 million cubic yards (9.3 million cubic meters) of lava erupted and covered about 50-60% of the floor of Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater. The U\u0113kahuna tiltmeter (UWD) recorded about 26.8 microradians of deflationary tilt during episode 39.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe following links provide more information about the current eruption that began on December 23, 2024:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEruption resources, including the most recent map and a timeline of eruption episodes since December 23, 2024: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/science\/eruption-information\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/science\/eruption-information\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThree K\u012blauea summit livestream videos that show eruptive lava fountains are available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@usgs\/streams\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@usgs\/streams\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESummit eruption webcams:\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/summit-webcams\u0022\u003E https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/summit-webcams\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EVolcano Watch article on gas pistons: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-so-what-earth-or-least-kilauea-a-gas-piston\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-so-what-earth-or-least-kilauea-a-gas-piston\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHazards:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis episodic eruption is occurring within a closed area of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park. High levels of volcanic gas\u2014primarily water vapor (H\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003EO), carbon dioxide (CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E), and sulfur dioxide (SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E)\u2014are one major hazard of concern, as this hazard can have far-reaching\u202feffects downwind. As SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E\u202fis continuously released from the summit during an eruption, it will react in the atmosphere to create the visible haze known as vog\u202f(volcanic smog) downwind of\u202fK\u012blauea.\u202fSO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E and vog may cause respiratory and other problems at high concentrations. Further information on vog can be found at\u202f\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAnother major hazard is fallout of Pele's hair and other volcanic fragments from lava fountains. Pele's hair is strands of volcanic glass often produced by lava fountaining activity that can be carried well over 10 miles (15 kilometers) from the vent. Other hot glassy volcanic fragments (tephra) including volcanic ash, pumice, scoria, and reticulite can fall on the ground within 1\u20133 miles (1\u20135 kilometers) of the eruptive vent(s), with the highest concentrations immediately downwind of the vent(s). Various volcanic fragments have fallen on Highway 11 west of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park at times, depending on wind and eruption conditions. Strong winds may waft light particles, including Pele's hair, to greater distances downwind. Once on the ground, Pele's hair can sometimes cluster and tangle together, giving it the appearance of a tumbleweed. The extent of Pele's hair deposition is dependent on lava fountaining activity and wind conditions. Residents and visitors should minimize exposure to Pele's hair and other glassy volcanic fragments, which can cause skin and eye irritation and can also contaminate catchment water supplies. More information about how Pele's hair, its hazards, and what to do is available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-recent-lava-fountains-highlight-peles-hair-hazards\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-recent-lava-fountains-highlight-peles-hair-hazards\u003C\/a\u003E. A recently updated Frequently Asked Questions document that includes information about potential health effects of Pele's hair is available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/sites\/default\/files\/PelesHair_FAQs_v2.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/sites\/default\/files\/PelesHair_FAQs_v2.pdf\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHawaiian lava flows generally advance slowly downslope, and during this eruption flows have been confined to Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater and the southwest side of Kaluapele, K\u012blauea's summit caldera.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOther significant hazards also remain around\u202fK\u012blauea caldera\u202ffrom Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu\u202fcrater wall instability, ground cracking, and rockfalls that can be enhanced by earthquakes within the area closed to the public. This underscores the extremely hazardous nature of\u202fK\u012blauea's\u202fcaldera rim surrounding\u202fHalema\u02bbuma\u02bbu\u202fcrater, an area that has been closed to the public since late 2007.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMore Information:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea activity summary also available by phone: \u003Ca href=\u0022tel:(808) 967-8862\u0022\u003E(808) 967-8862\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea webcam images: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/webcams\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/webcams\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea photos\/video: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/photo-and-video-chronology\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/photo-and-video-chronology\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea lava-flow maps: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/maps\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/maps\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea FAQs: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/faqs\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/faqs\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe Hawaiian Volcano Observatory is one of five volcano observatories within the U.S. Geological Survey and is responsible for monitoring volcanoes and earthquakes in Hawai\u02bbi and American Samoa.\u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:askHVO@usgs.gov\u0022\u003EaskHVO@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESubscribe to these messages: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vns2\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vns2\/\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESummary of volcanic hazards from eruptions: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/hazards\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/hazards\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ERecent earthquakes in Hawai\u02bbi (map and list): \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EExplanation of Volcano Alert Levels and Aviation Color Codes: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcanic-alert-levels-characterize-conditions-us-volcanoes\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcanic-alert-levels-characterize-conditions-us-volcanoes\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","sentUtc":"2025-12-24","obs":"hvo","noticeId":"DOI-USGS-HVO-2025-12-24T17:59:20+00:00","noticeUrl":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/hans2\/view\/notice\/DOI-USGS-HVO-2025-12-24T17:59:20+00:00","noticeData":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/api\/hansApi\/notice\/DOI-USGS-HVO-2025-12-24T17:59:20+00:00","obsAlertLevel":"WATCH","obsColorCode":"ORANGE","noticeHighestAlertLevel":"WATCH","noticeHighestColorCode":"ORANGE","noticeSections":[{"sectionHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EHAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY DAILY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EWednesday, December 24, 2025, 9:25 AM HST (Wednesday, December 24, 2025, 19:25 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EKILAUEA\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #332010)\u003Cbr\/\u003E19\u00b025'16\u0022 N 155\u00b017'13\u0022 W, Summit Elevation 4091 ft (1247 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: WATCH\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: ORANGE\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Summary:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEpisode 39 fountaining began yesterday at 8:20 p.m. HST, December 23, almost 1 year to the day on the anniversary of the ongoing episodic eruption that began at 2:20 a.m. HST on December 23, 2024. Fountains continued for just under 6 hours ending at 2:13 a.m. this morning (December 24) and reached a maximum height of about 1400 feet (425 meters). The onset of the next fountain episode is about 2 weeks away. No significant activity has been noted along K\u012blauea\u2019s East Rift Zone or Southwest Rift Zone.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummit Observations:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EK\u012blauea is no longer erupting (see the section \u003Cstrong\u003E\u0022Recap of the last episode\u0022\u003C\/strong\u003E for details about the episode 39 eruption). Just before dawn this morning incandescence was present across Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater. Flows on the eastern crater floor continued to move fed by lava draining from higher elevations around the vents. Incandescent spots and movement of flows are expected to continue for the next several days, especially in the area around the vents. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESince the end of episode 39, K\u012blauea has inflated 1.75 microradians as recorded on the UWD tiltmeter this morning.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EVolcanic gas emission rates have dropped significantly since the end of episode 39 but probably remain in the range of 1,000 to 5,000 tonnes of SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E per day typically observed during previous eruptive pauses. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERift Zone Observations:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ERates of seismicity and ground deformation remain very low in the East Rift Zone and Southwest Rift Zone. SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E emissions from the East Rift Zone remain below the detection limit. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAnalysis:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe rapid rebound of inflationary tilt and presence of low level volcanic tremor indicate another fountain episode is likely to occur. There is insufficient data for modeling, but the next episode is likely about 2 weeks away.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EK\u012blauea has been erupting episodically since December 23, 2024, primarily from two vents (north and south) in Halema\u2018uma\u2018u. Eruptive episodes, which can last up to 12 hours, are separated by pauses that can be as long as over two weeks.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHVO continues to closely monitor K\u012blauea and is in contact with Hawai\u2018i Volcanoes National Park and the Hawai\u2018i County Civil Defense Agency about eruptive hazards.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPlease see the Hawai\u02bbi Volcanoes National Park website for visitor information: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/havo\/index.htm\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.nps.gov\/havo\/index.htm\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERecap of last episode:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEpisode 39 fountaining from the south vent stopped at approximately 2:13 a.m. HST on December 24 after 5.9 hours of sustained fountaining. The two vents within the north cone both stopped slightly earlier at 2:00 a.m. HST. Sustained fountaining began at 8:20 p.m. HST from the north and south vents after just under 2 hours of precursory overflows. Fountains rapidly grew to several hundred feet high and by 9:30 p.m. HST had reach maximum estimated heights of 1400 feet (425 meters) for the south fountain and 900 feet for the north fountain. The main fountain from the north cone came from the \u0022right hand\u0022 vent (as viewed from V1cam, which is pointed south), but a much smaller fountain, 100-200 feet (30-60 meters) high, began at about 8:45 p.m. HST and lasted until the north vent stopped fountaining. This \u0022triple\u0022 fountain lasted through most of the eruption with the south fountains highest followed by the \u0022right hand\u0022 north vent (about 2\/3 the height of the south fountains) and the much smaller \u0022left hand\u0022 north vent fountains (about 10-20% of the south vent fountain height).  The highest peak or instantaneous effusion rate of 960 cubic yards per second (800 cubic meters per second) occurred about 9 p.m. HST just before the south and north vents reached their maximum heights. Episode 39 ended with an average effusion rate of 250 cubic yards per second (190 cubic meters per second). An estimated 12 million cubic yards (9.3 million cubic meters) of lava erupted and covered about 50-60% of the floor of Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater. The U\u0113kahuna tiltmeter (UWD) recorded about 26.8 microradians of deflationary tilt during episode 39.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe following links provide more information about the current eruption that began on December 23, 2024:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEruption resources, including the most recent map and a timeline of eruption episodes since December 23, 2024: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/science\/eruption-information\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/science\/eruption-information\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThree K\u012blauea summit livestream videos that show eruptive lava fountains are available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@usgs\/streams\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@usgs\/streams\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESummit eruption webcams:\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/summit-webcams\u0022\u003E https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/summit-webcams\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EVolcano Watch article on gas pistons: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-so-what-earth-or-least-kilauea-a-gas-piston\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-so-what-earth-or-least-kilauea-a-gas-piston\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHazards:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis episodic eruption is occurring within a closed area of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park. High levels of volcanic gas\u2014primarily water vapor (H\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003EO), carbon dioxide (CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E), and sulfur dioxide (SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E)\u2014are one major hazard of concern, as this hazard can have far-reaching\u202feffects downwind. As SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E\u202fis continuously released from the summit during an eruption, it will react in the atmosphere to create the visible haze known as vog\u202f(volcanic smog) downwind of\u202fK\u012blauea.\u202fSO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E and vog may cause respiratory and other problems at high concentrations. Further information on vog can be found at\u202f\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAnother major hazard is fallout of Pele's hair and other volcanic fragments from lava fountains. Pele's hair is strands of volcanic glass often produced by lava fountaining activity that can be carried well over 10 miles (15 kilometers) from the vent. Other hot glassy volcanic fragments (tephra) including volcanic ash, pumice, scoria, and reticulite can fall on the ground within 1\u20133 miles (1\u20135 kilometers) of the eruptive vent(s), with the highest concentrations immediately downwind of the vent(s). Various volcanic fragments have fallen on Highway 11 west of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park at times, depending on wind and eruption conditions. Strong winds may waft light particles, including Pele's hair, to greater distances downwind. Once on the ground, Pele's hair can sometimes cluster and tangle together, giving it the appearance of a tumbleweed. The extent of Pele's hair deposition is dependent on lava fountaining activity and wind conditions. Residents and visitors should minimize exposure to Pele's hair and other glassy volcanic fragments, which can cause skin and eye irritation and can also contaminate catchment water supplies. More information about how Pele's hair, its hazards, and what to do is available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-recent-lava-fountains-highlight-peles-hair-hazards\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-recent-lava-fountains-highlight-peles-hair-hazards\u003C\/a\u003E. A recently updated Frequently Asked Questions document that includes information about potential health effects of Pele's hair is available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/sites\/default\/files\/PelesHair_FAQs_v2.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/sites\/default\/files\/PelesHair_FAQs_v2.pdf\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHawaiian lava flows generally advance slowly downslope, and during this eruption flows have been confined to Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater and the southwest side of Kaluapele, K\u012blauea's summit caldera.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOther significant hazards also remain around\u202fK\u012blauea caldera\u202ffrom Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu\u202fcrater wall instability, ground cracking, and rockfalls that can be enhanced by earthquakes within the area closed to the public. This underscores the extremely hazardous nature of\u202fK\u012blauea's\u202fcaldera rim surrounding\u202fHalema\u02bbuma\u02bbu\u202fcrater, an area that has been closed to the public since late 2007.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMore Information:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea activity summary also available by phone: \u003Ca href=\u0022tel:(808) 967-8862\u0022\u003E(808) 967-8862\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea webcam images: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/webcams\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/webcams\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea photos\/video: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/photo-and-video-chronology\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/photo-and-video-chronology\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea lava-flow maps: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/maps\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/maps\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EK\u012blauea FAQs: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/faqs\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/faqs\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe Hawaiian Volcano Observatory is one of five volcano observatories within the U.S. Geological Survey and is responsible for monitoring volcanoes and earthquakes in Hawai\u02bbi and American Samoa.\u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:askHVO@usgs.gov\u0022\u003EaskHVO@usgs.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESubscribe to these messages: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vns2\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vns2\/\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESummary of volcanic hazards from eruptions: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/hazards\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/hazards\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ERecent earthquakes in Hawai\u02bbi (map and list): \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EExplanation of Volcano Alert Levels and Aviation Color Codes: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcanic-alert-levels-characterize-conditions-us-volcanoes\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcanic-alert-levels-characterize-conditions-us-volcanoes\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EActivity Summary:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEpisode 39 fountaining began yesterday at 8:20 p.m. HST, December 23, almost 1 year to the day on the anniversary of the ongoing episodic eruption that began at 2:20 a.m. HST on December 23, 2024. Fountains continued for just under 6 hours ending at 2:13 a.m. this morning (December 24) and reached a maximum height of about 1400 feet (425 meters). The onset of the next fountain episode is about 2 weeks away. No significant activity has been noted along K\u012blauea\u2019s East Rift Zone or Southwest Rift Zone.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummit Observations:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EK\u012blauea is no longer erupting (see the section \u003Cstrong\u003E\u0022Recap of the last episode\u0022\u003C\/strong\u003E for details about the episode 39 eruption). Just before dawn this morning incandescence was present across Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater. Flows on the eastern crater floor continued to move fed by lava draining from higher elevations around the vents. Incandescent spots and movement of flows are expected to continue for the next several days, especially in the area around the vents. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ESince the end of episode 39, K\u012blauea has inflated 1.75 microradians as recorded on the UWD tiltmeter this morning.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EVolcanic gas emission rates have dropped significantly since the end of episode 39 but probably remain in the range of 1,000 to 5,000 tonnes of SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E per day typically observed during previous eruptive pauses. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERift Zone Observations:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ERates of seismicity and ground deformation remain very low in the East Rift Zone and Southwest Rift Zone. SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E emissions from the East Rift Zone remain below the detection limit. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAnalysis:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe rapid rebound of inflationary tilt and presence of low level volcanic tremor indicate another fountain episode is likely to occur. There is insufficient data for modeling, but the next episode is likely about 2 weeks away.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EK\u012blauea has been erupting episodically since December 23, 2024, primarily from two vents (north and south) in Halema\u2018uma\u2018u. Eruptive episodes, which can last up to 12 hours, are separated by pauses that can be as long as over two weeks.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHVO continues to closely monitor K\u012blauea and is in contact with Hawai\u2018i Volcanoes National Park and the Hawai\u2018i County Civil Defense Agency about eruptive hazards.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPlease see the Hawai\u02bbi Volcanoes National Park website for visitor information: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.nps.gov\/havo\/index.htm\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.nps.gov\/havo\/index.htm\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERecap of last episode:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEpisode 39 fountaining from the south vent stopped at approximately 2:13 a.m. HST on December 24 after 5.9 hours of sustained fountaining. The two vents within the north cone both stopped slightly earlier at 2:00 a.m. HST. Sustained fountaining began at 8:20 p.m. HST from the north and south vents after just under 2 hours of precursory overflows. Fountains rapidly grew to several hundred feet high and by 9:30 p.m. HST had reach maximum estimated heights of 1400 feet (425 meters) for the south fountain and 900 feet for the north fountain. The main fountain from the north cone came from the \u0022right hand\u0022 vent (as viewed from V1cam, which is pointed south), but a much smaller fountain, 100-200 feet (30-60 meters) high, began at about 8:45 p.m. HST and lasted until the north vent stopped fountaining. This \u0022triple\u0022 fountain lasted through most of the eruption with the south fountains highest followed by the \u0022right hand\u0022 north vent (about 2\/3 the height of the south fountains) and the much smaller \u0022left hand\u0022 north vent fountains (about 10-20% of the south vent fountain height).  The highest peak or instantaneous effusion rate of 960 cubic yards per second (800 cubic meters per second) occurred about 9 p.m. HST just before the south and north vents reached their maximum heights. Episode 39 ended with an average effusion rate of 250 cubic yards per second (190 cubic meters per second). An estimated 12 million cubic yards (9.3 million cubic meters) of lava erupted and covered about 50-60% of the floor of Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater. The U\u0113kahuna tiltmeter (UWD) recorded about 26.8 microradians of deflationary tilt during episode 39.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe following links provide more information about the current eruption that began on December 23, 2024:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEruption resources, including the most recent map and a timeline of eruption episodes since December 23, 2024: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/science\/eruption-information\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/science\/eruption-information\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThree K\u012blauea summit livestream videos that show eruptive lava fountains are available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@usgs\/streams\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@usgs\/streams\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003ESummit eruption webcams:\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/summit-webcams\u0022\u003E https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea\/summit-webcams\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EVolcano Watch article on gas pistons: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-so-what-earth-or-least-kilauea-a-gas-piston\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-so-what-earth-or-least-kilauea-a-gas-piston\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHazards:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis episodic eruption is occurring within a closed area of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park. High levels of volcanic gas\u2014primarily water vapor (H\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003EO), carbon dioxide (CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E), and sulfur dioxide (SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E)\u2014are one major hazard of concern, as this hazard can have far-reaching\u202feffects downwind. As SO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E\u202fis continuously released from the summit during an eruption, it will react in the atmosphere to create the visible haze known as vog\u202f(volcanic smog) downwind of\u202fK\u012blauea.\u202fSO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E and vog may cause respiratory and other problems at high concentrations. Further information on vog can be found at\u202f\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAnother major hazard is fallout of Pele's hair and other volcanic fragments from lava fountains. Pele's hair is strands of volcanic glass often produced by lava fountaining activity that can be carried well over 10 miles (15 kilometers) from the vent. Other hot glassy volcanic fragments (tephra) including volcanic ash, pumice, scoria, and reticulite can fall on the ground within 1\u20133 miles (1\u20135 kilometers) of the eruptive vent(s), with the highest concentrations immediately downwind of the vent(s). Various volcanic fragments have fallen on Highway 11 west of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park at times, depending on wind and eruption conditions. Strong winds may waft light particles, including Pele's hair, to greater distances downwind. Once on the ground, Pele's hair can sometimes cluster and tangle together, giving it the appearance of a tumbleweed. The extent of Pele's hair deposition is dependent on lava fountaining activity and wind conditions. Residents and visitors should minimize exposure to Pele's hair and other glassy volcanic fragments, which can cause skin and eye irritation and can also contaminate catchment water supplies. More information about how Pele's hair, its hazards, and what to do is available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-recent-lava-fountains-highlight-peles-hair-hazards\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/observatories\/hvo\/news\/volcano-watch-recent-lava-fountains-highlight-peles-hair-hazards\u003C\/a\u003E. A recently updated Frequently Asked Questions document that includes information about potential health effects of Pele's hair is available here: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/sites\/default\/files\/PelesHair_FAQs_v2.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps:\/\/vog.ivhhn.org\/sites\/default\/files\/PelesHair_FAQs_v2.pdf\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHawaiian lava flows generally advance slowly downslope, and during this eruption flows have been confined to Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu crater and the southwest side of Kaluapele, K\u012blauea's summit caldera.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOther significant hazards also remain around\u202fK\u012blauea caldera\u202ffrom Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu\u202fcrater wall instability, ground cracking, and rockfalls that can be enhanced by earthquakes within the area closed to the public. This underscores the extremely hazardous nature of\u202fK\u012blauea's\u202fcaldera rim surrounding\u202fHalema\u02bbuma\u02bbu\u202fcrater, an area that has been closed to the public since late 2007.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E","synopsis":"HVO Kilauea ORANGE\/WATCH - Episode 39 of the ongoing Halema\u02bbuma\u02bbu eruption ended at 2:13 a.m. HST on December 24. Onset of the next fountaining episode is about 2 weeks away.","alertLevel":"WATCH","colorCode":"ORANGE","vName":"Kilauea","vnum":"332010","lat":19.421,"lng":-155.287,"vUrl":"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/kilauea","vImage":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/images\/kilauea\/kilauea.jpg","region":"Hawaii","sectionId":"DOI-USGS-HVO-2025-12-24T17:59:32+00:00"}]},{"noticeTitle":"NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS WEEKLY UPDATE","noticeHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003ENORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS WEEKLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EFriday, December 19, 2025, 3:06 PM ChST (Friday, December 19, 2025, 05:06 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cp\u003EReport prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cb\u003EAHYI SEAMOUNT\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #284141)\u003Cbr\/\u003E20\u00b025'12\u0022 N 145\u00b01'48\u0022 E, Summit Elevation -259 ft (-79 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: ADVISORY\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: YELLOW\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThere were no definitive indications that unrest at Ahyi seamount continued over the past week, although it cannot be ruled out. One low-confidence detection from Ahyi's direction at underwater pressure sensors near Wake Island, located 1,410 miles east of Ahyi, was observed on December 17. Satellite views were mostly cloudy, preventing observations of discolored water over the seamount that have been frequently observed over the past several months. The discolored water could be related to degassing from the active vent. The last view of discolored water was on November 30.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThere are no local monitoring stations near Ahyi seamount, which limits our ability to detect and characterize volcanic unrest there. We will continue to monitor satellite and distal hydroacoustic data for additional evidence for, or escalation of, volcanic activity.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAhyi seamount is a large conical submarine volcano that rises to within 164 feet (50 m) of the sea surface about 11 miles (18 km) southeast of the island of Farallon de Pajaros (Uracas) in the Northern Mariana Islands. Water discoloration has been observed over the submarine volcano during previous periods of activity, and in 1979 the crew of a fishing boat felt shocks over the summit area followed by upwelling of sulfur-bearing water. From April 24 to 25, 2001, an explosive submarine eruption was detected seismically from a seismic station on Rangiroa Atoll, Tuamotu Archipelago. The event was well constrained (+\/- 9 miles or 15 km) at a location near the southern base of Ahyi; the summit of the seamount lies within the location uncertainty. Another eruption was detected from April 24 to May 17, 2014, using data from seismometers located on subaerial volcanoes in the Northern Mariana Islands and hydrophone arrays at Wake Island. NOAA divers also reported hearing explosions while conducting coral reef research on nearby Farallon de Pajaros. The 2014 eruption of Ahyi formed a new crater near the summit of the volcano and a large landslide chute developed on its southeast flank. More recently, the volcano erupted from October 2022 to May 2023 and again from December 2023 to April 2024, characterized by submarine plumes and geophysical detections of activity on the hydrophone arrays at Wake Island. The current episode of unrest began in August 2024.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENORTHERN MARIANAS VOLCANOES\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ENo definitive signs of unrest were detected at Northern Mariana Island volcanoes during the past week. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitoring of Northern Mariana Islands Volcanoes\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ENorthern Mariana Island volcanoes are monitored using seismo-acoustic sensors on Saipan, and by examining satellite imagery. We also use distant seismic stations in Guam and Chichijima, Japan, and hydroacoustic data from Wake Island, when available. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis level of monitoring can detect significant volcanic activity in the CNMI but cannot provide advanced warning of eruptions.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EDue to a lack of geophysical monitoring on any of the volcanic islands, all volcanoes have alert levels of UNASSIGNED. This includes Ahyi, Anatahan, Sarigan, Farallon de Pajaros, Supply Reef, Maug, Asuncion, Agrigan, Pagan, Almagan, and Guguan.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor definitions of Aviation Color Codes and Volcano Alert Levels: https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcanic-alert-levels-characterize-conditions-us-volcanoes\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESUBSCRIBE TO VOLCANO ALERT MESSAGES by email: http:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vns\/\u003Cbr\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003ECNMI Homeland Security and Emergency Management\u003Cbr\u003Ehttps:\/\/opd.gov.mp\/library\/agency\/homeland-security-and-emergency-management.html\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EUSGS Northern Mariana Duty Scientist (907) 786-7497\u003Cbr\u003Ehttp:\/\/volcano.wr.usgs.gov\/cnmistatus.php\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESatellite information, Washington VAAC\u003Cbr\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.ssd.noaa.gov\/VAAC\/washington.html\u003C\/p\u003E","sentUtc":"2025-12-19","obs":"nmi","noticeId":"DOI-USGS-NMI-2025-12-19T04:49:57+00:00","noticeUrl":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/hans2\/view\/notice\/DOI-USGS-NMI-2025-12-19T04:49:57+00:00","noticeData":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/api\/hansApi\/notice\/DOI-USGS-NMI-2025-12-19T04:49:57+00:00","obsAlertLevel":"ADVISORY","obsColorCode":"YELLOW","noticeHighestAlertLevel":"ADVISORY","noticeHighestColorCode":"YELLOW","noticeSections":[{"sectionHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003ENORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS WEEKLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EFriday, December 19, 2025, 3:06 PM ChST (Friday, December 19, 2025, 05:06 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cp\u003EReport prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENORTHERN MARIANAS VOLCANOES\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ENo definitive signs of unrest were detected at Northern Mariana Island volcanoes during the past week. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitoring of Northern Mariana Islands Volcanoes\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ENorthern Mariana Island volcanoes are monitored using seismo-acoustic sensors on Saipan, and by examining satellite imagery. We also use distant seismic stations in Guam and Chichijima, Japan, and hydroacoustic data from Wake Island, when available. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis level of monitoring can detect significant volcanic activity in the CNMI but cannot provide advanced warning of eruptions.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EDue to a lack of geophysical monitoring on any of the volcanic islands, all volcanoes have alert levels of UNASSIGNED. This includes Ahyi, Anatahan, Sarigan, Farallon de Pajaros, Supply Reef, Maug, Asuncion, Agrigan, Pagan, Almagan, and Guguan.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cb\u003EThis notice contains volcanoes not displayed here:\u003C\/b\u003E Ahyi Seamount (ADVISORY\/YELLOW).\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor definitions of Aviation Color Codes and Volcano Alert Levels: https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcanic-alert-levels-characterize-conditions-us-volcanoes\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESUBSCRIBE TO VOLCANO ALERT MESSAGES by email: http:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vns\/\u003Cbr\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003ECNMI Homeland Security and Emergency Management\u003Cbr\u003Ehttps:\/\/opd.gov.mp\/library\/agency\/homeland-security-and-emergency-management.html\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EUSGS Northern Mariana Duty Scientist (907) 786-7497\u003Cbr\u003Ehttp:\/\/volcano.wr.usgs.gov\/cnmistatus.php\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESatellite information, Washington VAAC\u003Cbr\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.ssd.noaa.gov\/VAAC\/washington.html\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENORTHERN MARIANAS VOLCANOES\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ENo definitive signs of unrest were detected at Northern Mariana Island volcanoes during the past week. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitoring of Northern Mariana Islands Volcanoes\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ENorthern Mariana Island volcanoes are monitored using seismo-acoustic sensors on Saipan, and by examining satellite imagery. We also use distant seismic stations in Guam and Chichijima, Japan, and hydroacoustic data from Wake Island, when available. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis level of monitoring can detect significant volcanic activity in the CNMI but cannot provide advanced warning of eruptions.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EDue to a lack of geophysical monitoring on any of the volcanic islands, all volcanoes have alert levels of UNASSIGNED. This includes Ahyi, Anatahan, Sarigan, Farallon de Pajaros, Supply Reef, Maug, Asuncion, Agrigan, Pagan, Almagan, and Guguan.\u003C\/p\u003E","synopsis":"NMI - No obvious signs of unrest were detected at any Northern Mariana Island volcanoes during the past week.","alertLevel":"UNASSIGNED","colorCode":"UNASSIGNED","vName":null,"vnum":null,"lat":null,"lng":null,"vUrl":null,"vImage":null,"region":null,"sectionId":"DOI-USGS-NMI-2025-12-19T04:49:57+00:00"},{"sectionHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003ENORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS WEEKLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EFriday, December 19, 2025, 3:06 PM ChST (Friday, December 19, 2025, 05:06 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cp\u003EReport prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cb\u003EAHYI SEAMOUNT\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #284141)\u003Cbr\/\u003E20\u00b025'12\u0022 N 145\u00b01'48\u0022 E, Summit Elevation -259 ft (-79 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: ADVISORY\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: YELLOW\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThere were no definitive indications that unrest at Ahyi seamount continued over the past week, although it cannot be ruled out. One low-confidence detection from Ahyi's direction at underwater pressure sensors near Wake Island, located 1,410 miles east of Ahyi, was observed on December 17. Satellite views were mostly cloudy, preventing observations of discolored water over the seamount that have been frequently observed over the past several months. The discolored water could be related to degassing from the active vent. The last view of discolored water was on November 30.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThere are no local monitoring stations near Ahyi seamount, which limits our ability to detect and characterize volcanic unrest there. We will continue to monitor satellite and distal hydroacoustic data for additional evidence for, or escalation of, volcanic activity.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAhyi seamount is a large conical submarine volcano that rises to within 164 feet (50 m) of the sea surface about 11 miles (18 km) southeast of the island of Farallon de Pajaros (Uracas) in the Northern Mariana Islands. Water discoloration has been observed over the submarine volcano during previous periods of activity, and in 1979 the crew of a fishing boat felt shocks over the summit area followed by upwelling of sulfur-bearing water. From April 24 to 25, 2001, an explosive submarine eruption was detected seismically from a seismic station on Rangiroa Atoll, Tuamotu Archipelago. The event was well constrained (+\/- 9 miles or 15 km) at a location near the southern base of Ahyi; the summit of the seamount lies within the location uncertainty. Another eruption was detected from April 24 to May 17, 2014, using data from seismometers located on subaerial volcanoes in the Northern Mariana Islands and hydrophone arrays at Wake Island. NOAA divers also reported hearing explosions while conducting coral reef research on nearby Farallon de Pajaros. The 2014 eruption of Ahyi formed a new crater near the summit of the volcano and a large landslide chute developed on its southeast flank. More recently, the volcano erupted from October 2022 to May 2023 and again from December 2023 to April 2024, characterized by submarine plumes and geophysical detections of activity on the hydrophone arrays at Wake Island. The current episode of unrest began in August 2024.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENORTHERN MARIANAS VOLCANOES\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ENo definitive signs of unrest were detected at Northern Mariana Island volcanoes during the past week. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMonitoring of Northern Mariana Islands Volcanoes\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ENorthern Mariana Island volcanoes are monitored using seismo-acoustic sensors on Saipan, and by examining satellite imagery. We also use distant seismic stations in Guam and Chichijima, Japan, and hydroacoustic data from Wake Island, when available. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis level of monitoring can detect significant volcanic activity in the CNMI but cannot provide advanced warning of eruptions.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EDue to a lack of geophysical monitoring on any of the volcanic islands, all volcanoes have alert levels of UNASSIGNED. This includes Ahyi, Anatahan, Sarigan, Farallon de Pajaros, Supply Reef, Maug, Asuncion, Agrigan, Pagan, Almagan, and Guguan.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor definitions of Aviation Color Codes and Volcano Alert Levels: https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/VHP\/volcanic-alert-levels-characterize-conditions-us-volcanoes\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESUBSCRIBE TO VOLCANO ALERT MESSAGES by email: http:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vns\/\u003Cbr\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cp\u003ECNMI Homeland Security and Emergency Management\u003Cbr\u003Ehttps:\/\/opd.gov.mp\/library\/agency\/homeland-security-and-emergency-management.html\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EUSGS Northern Mariana Duty Scientist (907) 786-7497\u003Cbr\u003Ehttp:\/\/volcano.wr.usgs.gov\/cnmistatus.php\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESatellite information, Washington VAAC\u003Cbr\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.ssd.noaa.gov\/VAAC\/washington.html\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":"\u003Cp\u003EThere were no definitive indications that unrest at Ahyi seamount continued over the past week, although it cannot be ruled out. One low-confidence detection from Ahyi's direction at underwater pressure sensors near Wake Island, located 1,410 miles east of Ahyi, was observed on December 17. Satellite views were mostly cloudy, preventing observations of discolored water over the seamount that have been frequently observed over the past several months. The discolored water could be related to degassing from the active vent. The last view of discolored water was on November 30.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThere are no local monitoring stations near Ahyi seamount, which limits our ability to detect and characterize volcanic unrest there. We will continue to monitor satellite and distal hydroacoustic data for additional evidence for, or escalation of, volcanic activity.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E","synopsis":"NMI Ahyi Seamount YELLOW\/ADVISORY - Possible low-level unrest continues at Ahyi seamount.","alertLevel":"ADVISORY","colorCode":"YELLOW","vName":"Ahyi Seamount","vnum":"284141","lat":20.42,"lng":145.03,"vUrl":"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/ahyi-seamount","vImage":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/images\/ahyi\/ahyi-home.jpg","region":"Northern Mariana Islands","sectionId":"DOI-USGS-NMI-2025-12-19T04:49:58+00:00"}]},{"noticeTitle":"YELLOWSTONE VOLCANO OBSERVATORY MONTHLY UPDATE","noticeHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EYELLOWSTONE VOLCANO OBSERVATORY MONTHLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EMonday, December 1, 2025, 1:30 PM MST (Monday, December 1, 2025, 20:30 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EYELLOWSTONE\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #325010)\u003Cbr\/\u003E44\u00b025'48\u0022 N 110\u00b040'12\u0022 W, Summit Elevation 9203 ft (2805 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: NORMAL\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: GREEN\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummary\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYellowstone Caldera activity remains at background levels, with 251 located earthquakes in November (largest = M3.2). Deformation measurements indicate no significant changes in surface displacement patterns since the summer.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERecent Work and News\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAt least two small eruptions occurred at Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, site of a hydrothermal explosion in 2024. The eruptions were captured by camera views and infrasound (acoustic) monitoring on November 22 and 29. Minor eruptions of Steamboat Geyser in Norris Geyser Basin remain sporadic, indicating that a major eruption is unlikely anytime soon.  There have only been 2 major eruptions of the during 2025, and the period of frequent activity that started in 2018 has probably ended.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESeismicity\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EDuring November 2025, the University of Utah Seismograph Stations, responsible for the operation and analysis of the Yellowstone Seismic Network, located 251 earthquakes in the Yellowstone National Park region. The largest event of the month was a minor earthquake of magnitude 3.2 located about 14 miles south-southwest of Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park on November 9 at 5:00 p.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ENovember seismicity in Yellowstone was marked by three swarms:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E1. An area of ongoing seismicity that began in late September continued through November, adding 70 earthquakes to the sequence approximately 14 miles south-southwest of Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park. The largest November earthquake (described above) is in this sequence.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E2. A swarm of 105 earthquakes occurred approximately 16 miles west-northwest of Lake in Yellowstone National Park during November 2\u201330. The largest earthquake in the sequence was a magnitude 2.5 on November 5 at 7:25 p.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E3. A swarm of 11 earthquakes took place approximately 13 miles northeast of West Yellowstone, Montana, during November 26\u201327. The largest earthquake in the sequence was a magnitude 2.0 on November 27 at 2:45 a.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEarthquake activity in Yellowstone is slightly above background levels.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGround Deformation\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EContinuous GPS stations in Yellowstone Caldera recorded little net deformation over the past month, suggesting that the seasonal summertime pause in subsidence or transition to slight uplift may not be over just yet.  There has also been no net deformation in the area of Norris Geyser Basin since mid September.  Many GPS stations in the region showed spurious signals at the end of November due to winter weather conditions.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAn example of GPS data can be found at http:\/\/www.unavco.org\/instrumentation\/networks\/status\/pbo\/data\/NRWY (click on Static Plots \/ Cleaned)\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe Yellowstone Volcano Observatory (YVO) provides long-term monitoring of volcanic and earthquake activity in the Yellowstone National Park region. Yellowstone is the site of the largest and most diverse collection of natural thermal features in the world and the first National Park. YVO is one of the five USGS Volcano Observatories that monitor volcanoes within the United States for science and public safety.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EYVO Member agencies: USGS, Yellowstone National Park, University of Utah, University of Wyoming, Montana State University, Earthscope Consortium, Wyoming State Geological Survey, Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Idaho Geological Survey\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                Michael Poland, Scientist-in-Charge\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\nmpoland@usgs.gov\u003Cbr \/\u003E","sentUtc":"2025-12-01","obs":"yvo","noticeId":"DOI-USGS-YVO-2025-12-01T20:25:12+00:00","noticeUrl":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/hans2\/view\/notice\/DOI-USGS-YVO-2025-12-01T20:25:12+00:00","noticeData":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/api\/hansApi\/notice\/DOI-USGS-YVO-2025-12-01T20:25:12+00:00","obsAlertLevel":"NORMAL","obsColorCode":"GREEN","noticeHighestAlertLevel":"NORMAL","noticeHighestColorCode":"GREEN","noticeSections":[{"sectionHtml":"\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Ccenter\u003E\n                \u003Cp class=\u0022text-center\u0022\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EYELLOWSTONE VOLCANO OBSERVATORY MONTHLY UPDATE\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                    \u003Cb\u003EU.S. Geological Survey\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EMonday, December 1, 2025, 1:30 PM MST (Monday, December 1, 2025, 20:30 UTC)\u003C\/b\u003E\n                \u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/center\u003E\n            \u003Cbr\/\u003E\n            \u003Cb\u003EYELLOWSTONE\u003C\/b\u003E (VNUM #325010)\u003Cbr\/\u003E44\u00b025'48\u0022 N 110\u00b040'12\u0022 W, Summit Elevation 9203 ft (2805 m)\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Volcano Alert Level: NORMAL\u003Cbr\/\u003ECurrent Aviation Color Code: GREEN\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cspan name=\u0022summary\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummary\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYellowstone Caldera activity remains at background levels, with 251 located earthquakes in November (largest = M3.2). Deformation measurements indicate no significant changes in surface displacement patterns since the summer.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERecent Work and News\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAt least two small eruptions occurred at Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, site of a hydrothermal explosion in 2024. The eruptions were captured by camera views and infrasound (acoustic) monitoring on November 22 and 29. Minor eruptions of Steamboat Geyser in Norris Geyser Basin remain sporadic, indicating that a major eruption is unlikely anytime soon.  There have only been 2 major eruptions of the during 2025, and the period of frequent activity that started in 2018 has probably ended.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESeismicity\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EDuring November 2025, the University of Utah Seismograph Stations, responsible for the operation and analysis of the Yellowstone Seismic Network, located 251 earthquakes in the Yellowstone National Park region. The largest event of the month was a minor earthquake of magnitude 3.2 located about 14 miles south-southwest of Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park on November 9 at 5:00 p.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ENovember seismicity in Yellowstone was marked by three swarms:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E1. An area of ongoing seismicity that began in late September continued through November, adding 70 earthquakes to the sequence approximately 14 miles south-southwest of Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park. The largest November earthquake (described above) is in this sequence.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E2. A swarm of 105 earthquakes occurred approximately 16 miles west-northwest of Lake in Yellowstone National Park during November 2\u201330. The largest earthquake in the sequence was a magnitude 2.5 on November 5 at 7:25 p.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E3. A swarm of 11 earthquakes took place approximately 13 miles northeast of West Yellowstone, Montana, during November 26\u201327. The largest earthquake in the sequence was a magnitude 2.0 on November 27 at 2:45 a.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEarthquake activity in Yellowstone is slightly above background levels.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGround Deformation\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EContinuous GPS stations in Yellowstone Caldera recorded little net deformation over the past month, suggesting that the seasonal summertime pause in subsidence or transition to slight uplift may not be over just yet.  There has also been no net deformation in the area of Norris Geyser Basin since mid September.  Many GPS stations in the region showed spurious signals at the end of November due to winter weather conditions.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAn example of GPS data can be found at http:\/\/www.unavco.org\/instrumentation\/networks\/status\/pbo\/data\/NRWY (click on Static Plots \/ Cleaned)\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe Yellowstone Volcano Observatory (YVO) provides long-term monitoring of volcanic and earthquake activity in the Yellowstone National Park region. Yellowstone is the site of the largest and most diverse collection of natural thermal features in the world and the first National Park. YVO is one of the five USGS Volcano Observatories that monitor volcanoes within the United States for science and public safety.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EYVO Member agencies: USGS, Yellowstone National Park, University of Utah, University of Wyoming, Montana State University, Earthscope Consortium, Wyoming State Geological Survey, Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Idaho Geological Survey\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E               \n                \u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                \u003Cb\u003ECONTACT INFORMATION:\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n                Michael Poland, Scientist-in-Charge\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\nmpoland@usgs.gov\u003Cbr \/\u003E","summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummary\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYellowstone Caldera activity remains at background levels, with 251 located earthquakes in November (largest = M3.2). Deformation measurements indicate no significant changes in surface displacement patterns since the summer.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERecent Work and News\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAt least two small eruptions occurred at Black Diamond Pool in Biscuit Basin, site of a hydrothermal explosion in 2024. The eruptions were captured by camera views and infrasound (acoustic) monitoring on November 22 and 29. Minor eruptions of Steamboat Geyser in Norris Geyser Basin remain sporadic, indicating that a major eruption is unlikely anytime soon.  There have only been 2 major eruptions of the during 2025, and the period of frequent activity that started in 2018 has probably ended.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESeismicity\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EDuring November 2025, the University of Utah Seismograph Stations, responsible for the operation and analysis of the Yellowstone Seismic Network, located 251 earthquakes in the Yellowstone National Park region. The largest event of the month was a minor earthquake of magnitude 3.2 located about 14 miles south-southwest of Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park on November 9 at 5:00 p.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003ENovember seismicity in Yellowstone was marked by three swarms:\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E1. An area of ongoing seismicity that began in late September continued through November, adding 70 earthquakes to the sequence approximately 14 miles south-southwest of Mammoth Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park. The largest November earthquake (described above) is in this sequence.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E2. A swarm of 105 earthquakes occurred approximately 16 miles west-northwest of Lake in Yellowstone National Park during November 2\u201330. The largest earthquake in the sequence was a magnitude 2.5 on November 5 at 7:25 p.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E3. A swarm of 11 earthquakes took place approximately 13 miles northeast of West Yellowstone, Montana, during November 26\u201327. The largest earthquake in the sequence was a magnitude 2.0 on November 27 at 2:45 a.m. MST.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EEarthquake activity in Yellowstone is slightly above background levels.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGround Deformation\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EContinuous GPS stations in Yellowstone Caldera recorded little net deformation over the past month, suggesting that the seasonal summertime pause in subsidence or transition to slight uplift may not be over just yet.  There has also been no net deformation in the area of Norris Geyser Basin since mid September.  Many GPS stations in the region showed spurious signals at the end of November due to winter weather conditions.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAn example of GPS data can be found at http:\/\/www.unavco.org\/instrumentation\/networks\/status\/pbo\/data\/NRWY (click on Static Plots \/ Cleaned)\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\/p\u003E","synopsis":"YVO Yellowstone GREEN\/NORMAL - YVO Monthly Update: background seismicity and deformation","alertLevel":"NORMAL","colorCode":"GREEN","vName":"Yellowstone","vnum":"325010","lat":44.43,"lng":-110.67,"vUrl":"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/volcanoes\/yellowstone","vImage":"https:\/\/volcanoes.usgs.gov\/vsc\/images\/yellowstone\/Yellowstone-home-img.jpg","region":"Wyoming","sectionId":"DOI-USGS-YVO-2025-12-01T20:25:12+00:00"}]}]