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5 February 2003
West Highcastle's still going
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There may be no easily accessible breakouts these days, but West
Highcastle continues to put on beautiful show at night. Viewpoint is on
top of old sea cliff 200 m from action. 0621.
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8 February 2003
Lava gushes down Pulama pali
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| Left. Glow from surface flow on upper
part of Pulama pali. In lower right are parts of thick flow on top of
steepest part of pali, poised to rush downward. 0557:41. Right.
Telephoto image of lava starting to break out from cap on steepest part of
pali, same as in lower right of left image. 0602:26. |
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| Left. Same view as in upper right but
18 seconds later. Note how flow has widened (to estimated 20-25 m width)
and extended far down slope. 0602:44. Right. Same view 13 seconds
later. Cascade has reached its maximum size. Over at least next 30 minutes,
lava continued to flow but narrowed into a 3-5-m-wide channel midway in
earlier gush. 0602:57. |
9 February 2003
Cascades on Paliuli
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| Left. Fast-moving cascades on Paliuli,
10-12 m high, directly below active gushing flow of February 8. Lava feeds
into crusted flow on flat at base of pali. These cascades have been active
for several hours at least. 0606. Right.
Telephoto of eastern cascade on Paliuli. What appears to be misfocus is
heat scintillation. 0608. |
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| Left. Freely flowing cascades to left,
same as shown above, abruptly joined by tumbling blocks at start of new
cascade to right. New cascades formed by breakout from flow poised above
top of Paliuli. 0609. Right. Surface flow on coastal flat in
foreground, with Paliuli cascades behind. 0629. |
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| Left. Cascade that developed from
tumbling blocks in left image above is now freely flowing and continuous.
Furtive photographer leaves scene in lower right. 0648. Right.
Original cascades continue to show their stuff, though a bit diminished, in
dawning light. Compare with first image today. 0651. |
12 February 2003
Lincoln's Birthday lava nears road
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Afternoon view of lava tongue moving across coastal flat within shouting
distance of Chain of Craters Road. Grass and brush are no match for lava.
1546.
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| Left. Thin lava flow moves past
defoliated `ohi`a tree on coastal flat about 550 m from Chain of Craters
Road. 0507. Right. Another `ohi`a front-lighted by lava flow
with pahoehoe crust, near site of left image. 0520. |
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| Left. Quintuplets emerging from crust
and merging into one lava stream on which crust quickly develops. Width of
stream, about 2 m. 0608. Right. Lava oozing across gently rolling grassland
with scrub `ohi`a. 0642. |
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| Left. Toe of lava breaks from margin
of flow near Chain of Craters Road. Note small fires set by flow. 0644. Right.
Lava blocked by vegetated tumulus (upper left), inflating, and breaking out
in small toes. This blockage is only temporary, as lava found its way
around tumulus and continued traveling toward Chain of Craters Road. 0647. |
13 February 2003
Lava very near road...and then on the road
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| Left. Lava stream flowing against
tumulus (site of photographer), burning grass that generates smoke to be
lighted by incandescence of lava. Width of view, about 10 m. 0615. Right.
Dawn sky overlooks front of flow within 70 m of Chain of Craters Road.
0642. |
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| Left. Flow moving toward road,
location of which is indicated by signs in upper center of image. 0650. Right.
From near site of left image, showing laze plume from West Highcastle lava
delta 1.75 km to east. 0652. |
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| Left. Snout of flow nearest road,
moving toward observer, with Holei Pali in background. Note smoke from
fires above Holei Pali started by flow earlier in month; fires raged out of
control during strong trade winds on February 10. 0654. Right.
Another view of front of flow, moving through grass and brush. 0659. |
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| Left. Large `ohi`a in front of
advancing flow. 0700. Right. Same `ohi`a, just starting to burn as
lava nears it. In background, note remaining shed at end of road (the one
with the tables, for those who've been there.) 0709. |
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| Left. Same `ohi`a as shown above,
still standing but now in middle of flow, which continues its advance
toward road. 0726. Right. View showing front of flow (left image) 60
m from road and remaining hut (along edge of road in background). The
speed-limit sign is a reminder of times past. 0733. |
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| Lava finally reached road at 1005 and by
1100, when these photos were taken, it was burning asphalt and creating a
witches brew of gases. |
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| Workers successfully moved the remaining
visitor hut and two restrooms as lava crossed road. Site of hut in right
image was covered by lava at 1500. |
14 February 2003
Valentines Day treat; lava below the road
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| Left. Lava oozing seaward, toward sea
cliff. Ocean visible in background, about 80 m away. 0630. Right.
Flow burns grass on way to sea, visible in upper right. 0636. |
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| Left. Toes of lava oozing from under
crust and edging the flow a bit closer to the water. Sign and parked
vehicles visible through heat shimmer in background. 0647. Right.
Thin flow oozing the last few tens of meters to the sea. Vehicle in
background is parked at former turnaround; huts were near right edge of
image. 0649. |
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| Left. Lava toe breaking out from front
of slowly advancing flow about 50 m from top of sea cliff. This was last
toe to form here for more than 30 minutes. Width of toe, about 50 cm. 1117. Right.
Slab of crust tilted and folded as lava moves sluggishly underneath. Width
of view, about 2 m. 1123. |
13 February 2003
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February 13, 2003; 0603. Front of flow advancing
rather quickly across grassland about 70 m from Chain of Craters Road. Grass
ignites a short distance ahead of the lava, owing to the intense radiant
heat. Width of scene, about 4 m.
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February 13, 2003; 0604. Same flow as in upper
video, but a little farther upstream. Grass burns along the side of the
stream. Width of view, 4-5 m.
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Map of flows from Pu`u `O`o: 17 February 2003
Map shows lava flows erupted during the 1983-present activity of Pu`u `O`o
and Kupaianaha (see
large map). The most recent--and ongoing--activity has produced the lender,
dark red flow along western edge of flow field. This flow entered the sea late
on Valentine's Day to form the Kohola ocean entry. Lava is actively widening the
flow on February 17, and the western arm is nearing the Chain of Craters Road.
Visitors now can drive to Holei Sea Arch, 1.1 km from the Kohola flow, and walk
to see the new flow. The new flow is part of the Mother's Day flow, which began
erupting on May 12, 2002.. Lava from the Mother's Day flow (broad red flow on west side of flow field)
reached the sea at West Highcastle early on July 19, at Wilipe`a early on
July 21, and at Highcastle on August 8. From near the southwest base of Pu`u `O`o, the
Mother's Day flow passes along the west side of the flow field and into the
forest, where it started a large wildfire in May that continued into late July. By June 10,
the Mother's Day flow had reached the base
of Paliuli, the steep slope and cliff below Pulama pali and just above the
coastal flat. At the base of Paliuli, the Mother's Day flow abruptly spread
laterally in a series of small budding flows to cover an area nearly 2 km
wide, gradually moving seaward until the West Highcastle and Wilipe`a lobes
finally reached the ocean and started building benches. Activity at West
Highcastle ended in early August, but entry began soon thereafter at Highcastle,
eventually burying tiny kipuka of the Chain of Craters Road. The Wilipe`a entry
died away slowly and had ended by mid-August. Highcastle and neighboring
Highcastle Stairs entries ended on about August 23. For a time there were no
active entries. Then Wilipe`a was reactivated on September 3 but stopped in
December. West Highcastle likewise renewed its activity on September
16-17, died away during the night of September 18-19, and returned soon
thereafter to continue to time of mapping. East arm of Mother's Day flow
branched from Highcastle lobe in late October and sent three fingers into ocean
at Highcastle on November 15, West Lae`apuki on November 19, and Lae`apuki on
November 20. The Lae`apuki entries had stopped by November 29. If this sounds
like a soap opera, the truth is even more confusing than the simplified version
of activity given here.
Eruption-viewing opportunities change constantly, refer to the HVO home page for
current information. Those readers planning a visit to Kilauea or Mauna Loa volcanoes can get much useful
information from Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park.
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