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3 November 2000

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Left: Only one bench is forming at the Kamokuna entry. The
steam plume is positioned at the eastern side of the bench. This marvelous
view of the coastline is due to such clear air this morning, after a
record-setting rainstorm.
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Right: Glow was seen early this morning from
Chain of Craters Road, but no active flows were visible during daylight on
Pulama pali. Last week's eastern flow has stopped descending the
pali. Probably this morning's glow is from a skylight. |

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Left: A new skylight at the 1,995-foot elevation was sampled this morning.
The brightly incandescent lava is almost 2 m below the ground surface.
The tube carrying the lava is nearly 4 m wide. Ghostly volcanologists
give scale.
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5 November 2000
Left: An active pahoehoe flow spreads across a small area
well below Pulama pali. Right: As the skin of the flow cools and
thickens, the lava oozes out between the skin
and older flow to continue spreading.
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Right: Hot crust on fluid pahoehoe is very
viscous, as demonstrated by the ability of scientists to pull the thin crust
forming on the flow. |

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Left: The lower roof in the tube at the 250-foot
skylight has collapsed and exposes a very clear view
of flowing lava. The temperature of the surface of the lava was measured to be approximately
1130?C. Right: The
area around the 250-foot elevation skylight is so cracked and broken that
close approach is very dangerous.
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9 November 2000

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Left: The active bench has two points where lava enters the
sea.
The larger one is in line with the main tube, just west of the center of the bench, and
has a moderate plume. The much smaller one, on the eastern side of the bench,
is fed by another tube.
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Above left: Up-slope view of the 1,360-foot skylight. Above
right: Closer view of the 1,360-foot skylight. Left: The roof of
the tube at the 1,360-foot skylight was reheated by lava flowing in the active tube.
The roof partly melted, forming dripping lava strings seen here and in the
close-up above. (Large images show more detail.)
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Left: This is the most recent view of the 1,995-foot skylight,
looking up the tube
toward the source.
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Left: The
1,210-foot skylight is shown here in an `a`a flow. Flowing lava is about 6 m below the surface. Right: Another
skylight at the 1,120-foot elevation, perhaps the one high on Pulama pali seen by the observer on recent
mornings.
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11 November 2000
The Frost Moon (November's full moon) illuminates vog on the coastal flat of Kilauea. The
vog rolls down from Pu`u `O`o and nearby vents, blown by trade winds. View
is westward at 0455. |

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21 November 2000
Left: The Kamokuna ocean entry bench has recovered from its
collapse that occurred on Thursday, November 16, 2000. Two to three lava entry points span the central third of
the new bench. Right: An area of surface-flow activity is at the water's edge on the west end of the bench.
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Left: Glow emanates from lava flowing through the tube below the 2,300-foot skylight.
Right: The persistent 2300-foot skylight brightens the
surrounding rock.
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Map of flows from Pu`u `O`o to the ocean; September 2000

Large
map. Map shows lava flows (red) active in September 2000 above and on Pulama
pali and on the coastal
plain, as well as flows erupted earlier from
Pu`u `O`o and Kupaianaha. The
eastern part of the active flow field (orange) extended to the Royal Gardens private
access road on January 11 and entered the sea near Waha`ula on February 3-14,
2000. That flow stopped in mid-August. A new flow (red) descended Pulama
pali
and crossed the coastal plain in
September, and lava is now entering the sea at Kamokuna, an area about 1.5 km
west-southwest of Waha`ula.
Eruption-viewing opportunities change constantly, refer to the HVO home page for
current information. Those readers planning a visit to Kilauea or Mauna Loa volcanoes can get much useful
information from Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park.
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