USGS Volcanoes: Notices released in the last day.

Minor seismicity and small rockfalls were detected over the past day. Clouds obscured views of the active lava dome in satellite and webcam imagery. 

The current eruption began in July 2021 and, since then, lava flows have filled most of the summit crater and advanced into valleys below. There have been no explosions at Great Sitkin Volcano since an event in May 2021. The volcano is monitored using local seismic and infrasound sensors, satellite data, webcams, and regional infrasound and lightning networks.

Low-level unrest continues with minor earthquake activity. Cloudy conditions obscured most satellite and webcam views of the volcano over the past day. 

There is no real-time geophysical monitoring network at Mount Kupreanof. The closest functioning seismometers are approximately 17 miles (27 km) to the east of the volcano as part of the Mount Veniaminof network. Mount Kupreanof is also monitored by satellite data, remote infrasound and lightning networks, and visual observations from pilots and mariners passing by the volcano. 

Minor seismic activity and infrasound signals were detected at the volcano. The typical degassing plume from the summit crater with sulfur dioxide was observed in partly cloudy satellite views. Clouds obscured web camera views. 

Local seismic and infrasound sensors, web cameras, and a geodetic network are used to monitor Shishaldin Volcano. In addition to the local monitoring network, AVO uses nearby geophysical networks, regional infrasound and lightning data, and satellite images to detect eruptions. 

Overview:

The summit eruption of Kīlauea in Halemaʻumaʻu is paused following lava fountaining episode 50 on June 27, 2026. Tiltmeters began measuring summit reinflation immediately after the episode ended, and glow has been visible from both eruptive vents in overnight webcam views, indicating that another lava fountaining episode is likely. However, reinflation has slowed over the past day, probably delaying the onset of the next episode. Current forecast models suggest that lava fountaining episode 51 will occur sometime between July 7 and 14. 

No significant activity has been noted along Kīlauea’s East Rift Zone or Southwest Rift Zone.

A summary of episode 50 is posted below.

NOTE: Significant changes in activity between Daily Updates are posted here: https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/observatory-messages

Summit Observations:

Moderate to bright glow was continuously visible from the south vent overnight, while weak glow was intermittently visible from the north vent.

Low-frequency seismic pulsing has continued over the past day. There were 10 small-magnitude (below M2.0) earthquakes beneath southern Kaluapele (Kīlauea caldera) in a small flurry yesterday morning, but summit earthquake activity has diminished since then. 

Kīlauea summit deflation totaled 15.3 microradians on the Uēkahuna (UWD) tiltmeter during lava fountaining episode 50. Once the episode ended, inflation resumed, but it has slowed over the past day. As of this morning, UWD has recovered 5.2 microradians of tilt since episode 50. 

The sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emission rate from the summit is likely now varying within a typical range of 1,000 to 5,000 tonnes per day. 

Rift Zone Observations:

Rates of seismicity and ground deformation remain low in the East Rift Zone and Southwest Rift Zone. SO₂ emissions from the East Rift Zone remain below the detection limit.

Analysis:

The abrupt switch from summit deflation to inflation at the end of episode 50 and continued glow from the eruptive vents indicate that another lava fountaining episode is likely. Forecasts based on summit inflation suggest that episode 51 will occur sometime between July 7 and 14.

Kīlauea has been erupting episodically since December 23, 2024, from two vents (north and south) in Halema‘uma‘u. Lava fountaining episodes, which generally last for less than 12 hours, are separated by pauses that can be longer than three weeks.

HVO continues to closely monitor Kīlauea and is in contact with Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park and the Hawai‘i County Civil Defense Agency about eruptive hazards.

Please see the Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park website for visitor information: https://www.nps.gov/havo/index.htm

Summary of episode 50:

A detailed account of episode 50 is given in the HVO Status Report issued on June 27: https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hans-public/notice/DOI-USGS-HVO-2026-06-28T04:29:55+00:00

• Episode 50 of the ongoing Halemaʻumaʻu eruption at the summit of Kīlauea ended abruptly at 5:10 p.m. HST on June 27, 2026, after 7 hours of continuous lava fountaining from the north vent. The eruption is currently paused.

• Tephra fall was restricted mostly to the closed area of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park to the southwest of the active Halemaʻumaʻu vents. A light fall of Peleʻs hair was reported from the town of Pāhala in Kaʻū.

   

Resources:

NOTE: HVO’s monitoring network is mostly recovered from recent power- and storm-related outages. Several summit stations, including the SDH tiltmeter, will remain offline until we are able to re-establish access across the deep tephra field southwest of the caldera.

The following links provide more information about the current eruption that began on December 23, 2024:

• Eruption resources, including the most recent map and a timeline of eruption episodes since December 23, 2024: https://www.usgs.gov/volcanoes/kilauea/science/eruption-information
• Short messages tracking the evolution of the lava fountains and eruptive activity can be found here: https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/observatory-messages
• Three Kīlauea summit livestream cameras that show eruptive lava fountains are available here: https://www.youtube.com/@usgs/streams
• Summit eruption webcams: https://www.usgs.gov/volcanoes/kilauea/summit-webcams
• Volcano Watch article on gas pistons: https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/news/volcano-watch-so-what-earth-or-least-kilauea-a-gas-piston

Hazards:

This episodic eruption is occurring within a closed area of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park.

• Volcanic Gas: high levels of volcanic gas—primarily water vapor (H₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and sulfur dioxide (SO₂)—are continually released during an eruption. Emissions can remain locally hazardous in the areas immediately downwind of the vents, even when the vents are not actively erupting. SO₂ reacts in the atmosphere to create vog (volcanic air pollution) downwind. SO₂ and vog may cause respiratory and other problems at high concentrations. Further information on vog can be found at https://vog.ivhhn.org/
• Tephra: small glassy volcanic fragments—volcanic ash, pumice, scoria, Pele’s hair and reticulite—are created by the lava fountains. A combination of fountaining dynamics and wind conditions determines where tephra fall may occur for any given eruption episode. Larger particles fall near the vents while light particles may be wafted greater distances. These particles may be remobilized during windy conditions following recent eruptive episodes. Residents and visitors should minimize exposure to these fragments, which can cause skin, eye, and respiratory irritation. More information and guidance on tephra fall hazards is available at https://seagrant.soest.hawaii.edu/resource-and-guidance-for-volcanic-tephra-fall/
• Lava flows: lava on the floor of Halemaʻumaʻu crater and the southwest side of Kaluapele, Kīlauea's summit caldera, remains hot and may slowly move in the days immediately following an eruptive episode.

Other significant hazards exist around Kīlauea caldera from Halemaʻumaʻu crater wall instability, ground cracking, and rockfalls that can be enhanced by earthquakes. Close to the eruptive vents, the tephra material on the crater rim is prone to cracking, slumping, and small landslides that sometimes expose hot and molten material within. This underscores the extremely hazardous nature of Kīlauea's caldera rim surrounding Halemaʻumaʻu crater, an area that has been closed to the public since late 2007.

Yellowstone Caldera activity remains at background levels, with 118 located earthquakes in June (largest = M2.4). Deformation measurements indicate no significant uplift or subsidence of the caldera or north caldera rim since January 2026.  A small hydrothermal explosion occurred in Biscuit Basin on June 13.

Recent Work and News

A small hydrothermal explosion occurred in Biscuit Basin at about 5:09 a.m. MDT on June 13.  The event took place 30–60 meters (100–200 feet) north of Black Diamond Pool and was well recorded by seismic and acoustic monitoring in the basin, and it threw rocks a few meters (tens of feet) into the air and discharged large amounts of sediment-rich hot water into the Firehole River, causing a temporary discoloration for many kilometers (miles) downstream.  The explosion opened several vent areas, some of which were full of near-boiling water when observed the following day, including a crack that was about 18 meters (60 feet) long.  A day or two after the explosion, a pool of boiling water formed by collapse.  That pool was observed to erupt like a geyser on June 18 and again on June 23.  Black Diamond Pool and other thermal features in Biscuit Basin were not impacted by the new hydrothermal activity, and Black Diamond Pool had at least two very small eruptions (about 1 meter, or 3 feet, in height) in late June.  Biscuit Basin has been closed to visitors since the July 23, 2024, hydrothermal explosion from Black Diamond Pool that destroyed a stretch of boardwalk in the basin.

Echinus Geyser, in Norris Geyser Basin, remained active, with one eruption in June.  In July, Yellowstone Volcano Observatory scientists plan to begin installation of a new monitoring station that will include seismic and infrasound sensors in Upper Geyser Basin.

Seismicity

During June 2026, the University of Utah Seismograph Stations, responsible for the operation and analysis of the Yellowstone Seismic Network, located 118 earthquakes in the Yellowstone National Park region. The largest event of the month was a microearthquake of magnitude 2.4 located about 12 miles south-southeast of Lake in Yellowstone National Park on June 7 at 5:52 a.m. MDT.

June seismicity in Yellowstone was marked by three swarms:

1. A swarm of 25 earthquakes occurred about 12 miles south-southeast of Lake in Yellowstone National Park during June 6–9. The magnitudes ranged from M0.3 to M2.4. The largest earthquake in the sequence was also the largest in June (described above).

2. A swarm of 20 earthquakes took place approximately 12 miles north-northeast of West Yellowstone, Montana, during June 22–25. The range of magnitudes was M0.2–2.1.

3. A swarm of 16 small earthquakes occurred about 10 miles north-northeast of Old Faithful in Yellowstone National Park during June 14–15 and had magnitudes spanning the range M0.5–1.6.

Earthquake activity in Yellowstone is at background levels.

Ground Deformation

Data from continuous GPS stations indicate little net deformation in the region since January 2026.  The uplift that started in July 2025 on the north caldera rim ceased by mid-January 2026, and there has been no uplift or subsidence of Yellowstone Caldera since December 2025.

An example of GPS data can be found at http://www.unavco.org/instrumentation/networks/status/pbo/data/NRWY (click on Static Plots / Cleaned)