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Electronic tiltmeters have proven very useful in monitoring restless
volcanoes because they provide relatively high-resolution and real-time
information about ground deformation, operate in all weather conditions,
and can be installed in high-hazard areas that may quickly become too
dangerous to revisit.
Tiltmeters installed at Soufriere Hills Volcano by the USGS Volcano
Disaster Assistance Team between 1995 and 1997 provided data that helped to
correlate the changing rate of dome growth to seismicity and the
generation of pyroclastic flows. Data from the tiltmeters allowed
scientists to visit the volcano safely between pyroclastic flows.
In a typical installation of an electronic tiltmeter, the instrument is
placed on a concrete pad at the bottom of a hole 1 to 2 m deep. Burial is
necessary because tiltmeters are extremely sensitive to slight changes
in temperature, and temperature measurements at the buried tiltmeter are
critical so that temperature effects can be minimized.
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